Ureter (nke sitere na Greek urêtêr) bụ eriri mmiri n'ime mmamịrị na -ebu mmamịrị site na akụrụ gaa eriri afo.

ọnọdụ. Enwere ureter abụọ. Ureter ọ bụla na-amalite site na pelvis, akụkụ nke akụrụ na-agbakọta mmamịrị, na-agbada n'akụkụ mpaghara lumbar tupu ha akwụsị njem ha site na ịtinye na mgbidi nke elu postero-inferior nke eriri afo (1).

Structure. Ureter bụ ọwa mmiri na -atụ n'etiti 25 na 30 cm n'ogologo, nwere dayameta nke sitere na 1 ruo 10 mm, ma na -ewepụta mpaghara atọ siri ike (2). Muscular na elastic, mgbidi ya nwere ọkwa atọ (3):

• The detrusor nke bụ mpụta elu nke nwere anụ ahụ anụ ahụ dị nro
• Lamina propria nke bụ etiti dị n'etiti anụ ahụ jikọrọ ọnụ gụnyere akwara na arịa ọbara.
• Urothelium bụ akwa ime nke akpụkpọ anụ mucous mejupụtara sel urothelial.

Mwepụta nke mkpofu metabolic. Ọrụ nke ureters bụ ịpụpụ ihe mkpofu na-etinye n'ime mmamịrị, na-ebuga ya na pelvis nke akụrụ gaa na eriri afo tupu ikpochapụ ya (2).

Lithiasis mmamịrị. Ọrịa a kwekọrọ na nguzobe okwute, ihe mejupụtara salts ịnweta, na ọkwa ureters. Ngụkọta oge ndị a ga -eduga na mgbochi nke ọwa mmiri. Enwere ike ịpụta ọrịa a site na mgbu mgbu akpọrọ colic renal. (4)

Mmebi nke eriri afọ. E nwere ọtụtụ ihe na -ebute mmepe nke nwere ike imetụta ureter. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntụpọ dị na reflux vesico-uteric na-ebute site na mkpụmkpụ akụkụ nke ureter na ọkwa eriri afo, nke nwere ike ibute ọrịa (5).

Ọrịa Ureteral. Enwere ike imetụta mkpụrụ ndụ nke ureter site na etuto ọjọọ (na-abụghị ọrịa kansa) ma ọ bụ etuto ọjọọ. Ejikọtara nke ikpeazụ na carcinoma urothelial, sel kansa nke sitere na urothelium (3). Ụdị ọrịa cancer a na -adịkwa nke ukwuu n'ọrịa kansa eriri afo.

Ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịhazi ọgwụ dị iche iche dịka ọgwụ nje ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu.

Ọgwụ ịwa ahụ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịwa ahụ. N'ihe banyere ọrịa kansa ureteric, enwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dị iche iche dabere na ogbo na mmalite nke etuto ahụ: iwepụ akpụ site na ịwa ahụ endoscopic, iwepụ akụkụ site na mwepụ akụkụ ma ọ bụ mkpochapụ ureter site na nephro-ureterectomy (3).

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy. Dabere na ogbo nke etuto ahụ, enwere ike ịhazi nnọkọ kemoterapi ma ọ bụ redio. (6)

Nnyocha cytobacteriological mmamịrị (ECBU). N'ihe banyere ọrịa ureteric, enwere ike ime nnwale a iji chọpụta nje bacteria dị na mmamịrị na mmetụta ha nwere na ọgwụ nje. A na -eme nyocha a ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na cystitis dị mgbagwoju anya.

Nyocha ule onyonyo. Enwere ike iji nyocha onyonyo ahụike dị iche iche nyochaa eriri afo: ultrasound, urography intravenous, retrograde cystography ma ọ bụ uroscanner.

Ureteroscopy.A na -eme nyocha endoscopic a iji nyochaa mgbidi nke ureters. A na -eme ya ọkachasị ịgwọ okwute mmamịrị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ lithics urinary.

Cytology nke urinary. Nnwale a nwere ike chọpụta ọnụnọ mkpụrụ ndụ kansa na mmamịrị.

Mkpakọrịta nwoke na nwanyị sitere n'Ijipt oge ochie wee mee ya ruo narị afọ nke 7, uroscopy bụ ọrụ ahụike ọsụ ụzọ na urology. Dochie ya taa site na mpempe mmamịrị, uroscopy gụnyere nyocha anya nke mmamịrị iji chọpụta mmepe nke ọrịa ụfọdụ (XNUMX).