Hormone dị mkpa maka ọganihu dị mma nke inye nwa ara, a na-ezobe prolactin na oke doses na njedebe nke afọ ime na n'izu ndị na-esote ịmụ nwa. N'èzí oge nke perinatal a, agbanyeghị, ọkwa prolactin dị elu nwere ike imetụta ọmụmụ. Nkọwa.

Prolactin bụ homonụ hypohyseal. Ọrụ ya: ịkwadebe ara iji mepụta mmiri ara ara ma kwalite uto nke mammary glands site na ntozu ụmụ nwanyị. Na nwoke na nwanyị abụọ, ọ nwere nzaghachi na mkpụrụ ndụ hypothalamic nke na-ezobe GnRH (hormone nke na-akpali mmepụta nke homonụ mmekọahụ.)

Ezobere n'oge na n'èzí ime ime, ụbọchị dum, ọ na-agbanwe n'okpuru mmetụta nke ọtụtụ ihe:

• nri nwere protein ma ọ bụ shuga,
• ụra, - nchekasị (anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke uche),
• enwere ike ịnwụ anwụ,
• ị takingụ ọgwụ ụfọdụ.

Mmepụta nke prolactin na-agbanwekwa n'oge okirikiri nsọ. Ya mere, ọ na-erute ọkwa kachasị elu na etiti okirikiri, n'otu aka ahụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke hormones LH na estradiol. Ọ na-anọgide na-ebuli elu n'oge oge luteal.

Prolactin na ime ime, mgbe ahụ, prolactin na inye ara na-ejikọta ya na njikọ chiri anya. Ọ bụrụ na ọkwa nkịtị nke prolactin erughị 25 ng / ml, ọ nwere ike ịrị elu ruo 150-200 ng / ml na njedebe nke afọ ime na ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu mgbe amuchara nwa. N'ezie, mgbe amuchara nwa na karịsịa mgbe a mụsịrị nwa, ọkwa nke progesterone ma karịsịa estrogen na-ada nke ọma, si otú a na-ahapụ prolactin. Na eruba nke mmiri ara ehi nwere ike ime.

Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ka nwatakịrị ahụ na-amụba, ka a na-ezobe prolactin na oxytocin (hormone dị mkpa nke inye nwa ara), otú ahụ ka a na-emepụta mmiri ara ara mgbe niile. Ihe dị ka ụbọchị iri na ise ka amuchara nwa, ọkwa nke prolactin na-amalite ịdaba ma laghachikwa n'ogo ya dịka izu isii ka amuchara nwa.

Ewezuga ime ime, ọkwa prolactin dị elu nwere ike ịbụ ihe ngosi nke pathology nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọmụmụ: hyperprolactinemia. Na mmalite nke ihe a: ngafe prolactin na-agbanwe ihe nzuzo nke GnRH, hormone na-ahapụ pituitary gonatrophins, n'onwe ya na-ahụ maka mmepụta nke hormones LH (hormone luteinizing) na FSH (hormone na-akpali akpali). Otú ọ dị, otu homonụ ndị a na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na ovulation. Nke a bụ otu anyị si aghọta ngwa ngwa isi ihe mgbaàmà nke hyperprolactinemia na ụmụ nwanyị: amenorrhea.

Ihe ịrịba ama ya ndị ọzọ:

• oligomenorrhea (okirikiri na-adịghị adịkarị na oge),
• obere oge luteal,
• galactorrhea (mmiri mmiri ara ehi),
• ọmụmụ.

Hyperprolactinemia: ọrịa nwoke

 N'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya, enwere ike ịchọpụta ọkwa prolactin dị elu n'ime mmadụ. Ihe mgbagwoju anya iji chọpụta, ihe mgbaàmà ya na-ejikọta na nha nke ụbụrụ dị adị (isi ọwụwa, wdg). Hyperprolactemia nwekwara ike isonyere akara ndị ọzọ dị ka:

• ọnwụ nke ọchịchọ,
• erectile adịghị arụ ọrụ,
• gynecomastia (mmepe nke mammary glands),
• galactorrhee,
• ọmụmụ.

Kedu ka esi akọwa hyperprolactinemia? N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ihe na-akpata iatrogenic, ya bụ, nsonaazụ ọgwụgwọ mbụ, na-akpata mmụba na-adịghị mma na prolactin. Ọgwụ ndị bụ isi metụtara bụ:

• neuroleptics,
• tricyclic antidepressants,
• metoclopramide na domperidone;
• estrogen dị elu (ọgwụ mgbochi mgbochi anaghị ebute hyperprolactinemia),
• ụfọdụ antihistamines
• ụfọdụ antihypertensives,
• opioids.

Ihe nke abụọ na-ebutekarị hyperprolactinemia: microadenomas, etuto ahụ na-adịghị mma nke nha ya adịghị agafe 10 mm, nke etolite na gland pituitary. Rarer, macroadenomas (nke buru ibu karịa 10 mm n'ogo) na-esonyere ọ bụghị naanị site na ọkwa prolactin dị elu, kamakwa site na isi ọwụwa na mgbaàmà ophthalmologic (amachibidoro ebe ọhụụ).

Enwere ike ịchọ mmalite ndị ọzọ nke hyperprolactinemia na hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction gụnyere hypothalamic tumor (craniopharyngioma, glioma) ma ọ bụ ọrịa infiltrative (sarcoidosis, X-hystocytosis, wdg).

 N'ikpeazụ, ụfọdụ pathologies nwere ike ịgụnye mmụba dị ukwuu na ọkwa nke prolactin, dịka:

• micropolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),
• hypothyroidism,
• ọdịda akụrụ na-adịghị ala ala,
• Ọrịa Cushing,
• etuto ahụ ma ọ bụ ọnya ndị ọzọ nke hypothalamus.