ọdịnaya
Valve aortic
Valve aortic (site na okwu aorta, site na Greek aortê, nke pụtara nnukwu akwara), nke a na -akpọkwa semilunar ma ọ bụ valvụ sigmoid, bụ valvụ nke dị n'ogo nke obi ma kewaa ventricle aka ekpe na aorta.
Anatomi nke valvụ aortic
Ọnọdụ nke valvụ aortic. Valve aortic dị n'ogo obi. E kewara nke ikpeazụ ụzọ abụọ, aka ekpe na aka nri, nke ọ bụla nwere ventricle na atrium. Site na ihe owuwu ndị a na -apụta veins na akwara dị iche iche gụnyere aorta. A na -etinye valvụ aortic na mmalite nke aorta na ọkwa nke ventricle aka ekpe. (1)
Structure. Valve aortic bụ valvụ nwere akpa atọ (2), ya bụ inwe isi atọ. A na-etolite nke ikpeazụ site na lamina na mpịachi nke endocardium, oyi akwa dị n'ime obi. Ejikọtara ya na mgbidi akwara, nke ọ bụla n'ime isi ihe ndị a bụ valvụ dị n'ụdị ọkara ọnwa.
Physiology / akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ụzọ ọbara. Ọbara na -ekesa n'otu ụzọ site n'obi na usoro ọbara. Atrium aka ekpe na-enweta ọbara nke oxygen jupụtara na akwara akwara. Ọbara a na -agafere na valvụ mitral iji rute na ventricle aka ekpe. N'ime nke ikpeazụ, ọbara na -esi na valvụ aortic gafere ruo aorta wee kesaa ya n'ahụ niile (1).
Imepe / imechi valvụ ahụ. Mmeghe na mmechi nke aortic valvụ na -adabere na nrụgide dị n'etiti ventricle aka ekpe na aorta (3). Mgbe ventricle aka ekpe jupụtara na ọbara sitere na atrium aka ekpe, ventricle na-agbakọ. Nrụgide dị n'ime ventricle na-abawanye ma mee ka valvụ aortic mepee. Ọbara ahụ ga -ejupụta na valvụ ahụ, na -enwe nsonaazụ nke imechi valvụ aortic.
Anti-reflux nke ọbara. N'ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ngafe nke ọbara, valvụ aortic na-egbochikwa nlọghachi nke ọbara site na aorta gaa na ventricle ekpe (1).
Valvulopathies
Valvulopathies. Ọ na -akọwapụta ọrịa niile na -emetụta valvụ obi. Usoro nke ọrịa ndị a nwere ike ibute mgbanwe na nhazi nke obi site na ịgbasa atrium ma ọ bụ ventricle. Mgbaàmà nke ọnọdụ ndị a nwere ike ịgụnye ntamu obi, obi mgbawa, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ahụ erughị ala (4).
- Enweghi ike nke aortic. A na-akpọkwa valvụ valvụ, ọrịa valvụ a kwekọrọ na mmechi na-ezighi ezi nke valvụ aortic na-eme ka ọbara na-aga azụ na ventricle aka ekpe. Ihe kpatara ọnọdụ a dị iche iche ma nwee ike ịgụnye mmebi afọ, ọrịa ma ọ bụ endocarditis.
- Ọnwụ ụta. A na -akpọkwa valvụ aortic na -ebelata, ọrịa valvụ a bụ otu n'ime ndị okenye. O kwekọrọ na oghere ezughi oke nke oghere aortic, na -egbochi ọbara ịgbasa nke ọma. Ihe kpatara ya nwere ike ịdị iche iche dịka mmebi afọ, ọrịa ma ọ bụ endocarditis.
Ọgwụ
Ọgwụ. Dabere na ọrịa valvụ na ọganihu ya, enwere ike ịnye ọgwụ dị iche iche, dịka ọmụmaatụ iji gbochie ụfọdụ ọrịa dịka endocarditis na-efe efe. Ọgwụgwọ ndị a nwekwara ike bụrụ nke akọwapụtara na ebumnuche maka ọrịa metụtara (5).
Usoro ọgwụgwọ. N'ime ọrịa valvụ kachasị elu, a na -eme ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ ugboro ugboro. Ọgwụgwọ nwere ike ịbụ nrụzi valvụ aortic ma ọ bụ dochie na idobe nke nrụpụta valvụ igwe ma ọ bụ ihe ndu (bio-prosthesis) (4).
Nyocha nke valvụ aortic
Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na-eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji lelee ọnụọgụ obi karịsịa na iji chọpụta ihe mgbaàmà nke onye ọrịa ahụ ghọtara dị ka mkpụmkpụ ume ma ọ bụ palpitations.
Nnyocha onyonyo ahụike. Enwere ike ime ultrasound nke obi, ma ọ bụ ọbụna doppler ultrasound. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ha site na coronary angiography, nyocha CT, ma ọ bụ MRI.
Nhọrọ electrocardiogram. A na -eji nnwale a nyochaa ọrụ eletriki nke obi n'oge mgbatị ahụ.
History
Charles A. Hufnagel, onye dọkịta na -awa ahụ nke America na narị afọ nke 20, bụ onye mbụ mepụtara valve obi. N'afọ 1952, ọ kụnyere, n'ime onye ọrịa na-ata ahụhụ site na ụkọ aortic, valvụ arụrụ arụ nke kpụrụ nke oghere igwe nwere bọọlụ silicone etinyere na etiti ya (6).
je mange quoi etant opérer valve aortique merci d.avance