Ọkpụkpụ vertebral (aterery, sitere na akwara Latịn, site na Greek artêria, vertebra, sitere na vertebra Latin, site na vertere) na-eme ka a na-enye ọbara oxygenated na ụbụrụ.

ọnọdụ. Abụọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ, akwara vertebral aka ekpe na aka nri dị n'olu na isi.

size. Ọkpụkpụ vertebral nwere nkezi caliber nke 3 ruo 4 mm. Ha na-ebutekarị asymmetry: akwara vertebral aka ekpe na-enwekarị caliber karịa akwara vertebral aka nri. (1)

Mmalite. Ọkpụkpụ vertebral na-amalite na ihu elu nke ogwe nke akwara subclavian, ma bụrụ akụkụ mbụ nke nkwekọrịta nke ikpeazụ. (1)

Ụzọ. Ọkpụkpụ vertebral na-aga n'olu iji sonyere isi. Ọ na-agbaziri ọwa mmiri transverse, nke kpụrụ site na nchịkọta nke vertebrae cervical. Na-erute na ọkwa nke mbụ cervical vertebra, ọ na-agafe foramen magnum, ma ọ bụ occipital foramen, iji sonyere akụkụ azụ nke ụbụrụ. (2)

Nkwụsị. A na-achọta akwara vertebral abụọ na ọkwa nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ, na karịsịa na ọkwa nke oghere dị n'etiti akwa mmiri na medulla oblongata. Ha na-ejikọta ọnụ na-etolite akwara ma ọ bụ ogwe osisi basilar. (2)

Alaka nke akwara vertebral. N'akụkụ ụzọ ya, akwara vertebral na-emepụta ọtụtụ alaka ma ọ bụ obere mkpa. Anyị na-ekewa nke ọma (3):

• Ala dorso-spinal, nke na-ebili na ọkwa nke cervical vertebrae;
• Ọkpụkpụ azụ azụ na azụ azụ, nke sitere na akụkụ intracranial.

Irrigation. Ụbụrụ vertebral mgbe ahụ ogwe osisi basilar na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na vascularization nke akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụbụrụ.

Mgbasa nke akwara vertebral bụ pathology nke kwekọrọ na ọdịdị na mmepe nke hematomas n'ime akwara vertebral. Dabere na ọnọdụ nke hematomas ndị a, caliber nke akwara nwere ike belata ma ọ bụ gbasaa.

• Ọ bụrụ na caliber nke akwara vertebral dị warara, ọ nwere ike igbochi ya. Nke a na-ebute mbelata ma ọ bụ ọbụna nkwụsị nke vaskụla vaskụla, ma nwee ike ibute ọgụ ischemic.
• Ọ bụrụ na caliber nke akwara vertebral na-agbaji, ọ nwere ike ịpịkọta ihe ndị agbata obi. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, mgbidi nke akwara nwere ike ịgbawa ma kpatara ihe mberede hemorrhagic. Ọrịa ischemic na hemorrhagic ndị a bụ ihe mberede cerebrovascular. (4) (5)
• Thrombosis. Nke a pathology kwekọrọ na nguzobe nke mkpụkọ ọbara n'ime arịa ọbara. Mgbe pathology a na-emetụta akwara akwara, a na-akpọ ya thrombosis arterial. (5)

Ọbara mgbali elu. Usoro ọgwụgwọ a kwekọrọ na oke nrụgide nke ọbara megide mgbidi nke akwara, na-eme karịsịa na ọkwa nke akwara femoral. Ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ohere nke ọrịa vaskụla. (6)

Ngwọta ọgwụ ọjọọ. Dabere n'ọnọdụ a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịnye ọgwụ ụfọdụ iji belata ọbara mgbali.

Ọkpụkpụ thrombolyse. A na -eji ya n'oge ọrịa strok, ọgwụgwọ a gụnyere imebi thrombi, ma ọ bụ mkpụkọ ọbara, site n'enyemaka ọgwụ. (5)

Usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara na mmalite ya, ịwa ahụ nwere ike ịdị mkpa.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na -eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji chọpụta ma chọpụta ihe mgbu onye ọrịa chọpụtara.

Nyocha ule onyonyo. Iji kwado ma ọ bụ mee ka nchọpụta dị omimi karị, enwere ike ịme nyocha X-ray, CT, CT angiography na arteriography.

• Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasound a kapịrị ọnụ na -eme ka o kwe omume ileba anya n'ọbara.

Ọkpụkpụ vertebral na-adabere n'ọdịiche anatomical dị iche iche, karịsịa n'ebe o si malite. Ọ na-esitekarị n'elu elu nke ogwe nke akwara subclavian mana ọ na-eme na ọ na-esite na mgbada ka ọ bụrụ ngalaba nke abụọ nke subclavian artery, na-esote ogwe osisi thyrocervical. Ọ nwekwara ike ibili elu mmiri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, akwara vertebral aka ekpe na-apụta site na aortic arch na 5% nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu. (1) (2)