Ovaries (sitere na ovum Latin oge gboo, akwa) bụ akụkụ nke usoro ọmụmụ nwanyị. Isi ọrụ ha bụ mmepụta nke oocytes na homonụ mmekọahụ.

Ọnọdụ. Abụọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ, ovaries nwanyị ma ọ bụ gonads bụ glands dị na obere pelvis, n'azụ akpanwa (1). Ha na-ejikọtakwa tubes fallopian, nke akụkụ ya dị n'akụkụ ha ka ọ bụrụ pavilion. A na-edozi ovaries n'ihi njikọ dị iche iche na-ejikọta ha na mgbidi lumbar, na tube, na akụkụ azụ nke akpanwa, yana ekele maka mesovarium.

Structure. Ovoid n'ụdị na 3 ruo 4 cm ogologo, ovaries bụ akụkụ 2:

• Na mpụta: mpaghara cortical, ebe oghere ovarian dị, nke ọ bụla nwere oocyte (nke ikpeazụ ga-aghọ ovum)
• N'etiti etiti: mpaghara medullary, nke mejupụtara anụ ahụ jikọtara na arịa ọbara

Vascularization na ime obi. A na-enye ovaries site na akwara ovarian. A na-eme mmiri mmiri venous n'aka nri site na vena cava na n'aka ekpe site na vein renal (2).

Mmepụta akwa. Ọtụtụ follicle ovarian ga-etolite n'oge oge ịhụ nsọ ọ bụla (1). Naanị otu ka a ga-ahọrọ na, mgbe o tozuru okè, a ga-achụpụ oocyte site na mgbawa nke follicle, nke a na-akpọ ovulation.

Mmepụta na nzuzo nke homonụ. Ovary bụ ebe a na-emepụta homonụ abụọ:

• Estrogen, na-etinye aka na mmepe nke àgwà mmekọahụ nke abụọ
• Progesterone, nke na-etinye aka karịsịa na mkpụkọ nke endometrium, mkpuchi nke uterine eji dị ka ebe a na-etinye akwa maka akwa (akwa fatịlaịza) (3)

Oge nsọ nsọ. Ọ bụ nhazi mgbanwe nke akụrụngwa ime nwanyị ka o wee nwee ike ịnata akwa fatịlaịza. Na enweghị fatịlaịza, a na-ebibi endometrium, nke kwekọrọ na oge nsọ.

Ọrịa Ovaria. Ọrịa ọjọọ (cancer) ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma (na-abụghị nke kansa) nwere ike ịpụta na ovary (4). Mgbaàmà nwere ike ịbụ ahụ erughị ala pelvic, nsogbu okirikiri, ma ọ bụ mgbu.

Ovarian cyst. Ọ dabara na akpa nke na-etolite n'adabereghị na ovary na nhazi ya nwere ike ịdị iche iche. E nwere ụzọ abụọ nke cysts:

• Cysts na-arụkarị ọrụ na-apụ n'anya ozugbo (1).
• Organic cysts, nke a ghaghị ilekọta ya n'ihi na ha nwere ike ịkpata ahụ erughị ala na mgbu, ma bụrụ ebe mmepe nke mkpụrụ ndụ cancer.

Ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ. Dabere na pathology na ọganihu ya, enwere ike ịme ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ dịka ịwa ahụ laparoscopic n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ nke cysts.

Chemotherapy. Ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa nwere ike iji kemoterapi soro ya.

Nnyocha ahụ. Mmalite mgbu na -amalite site na nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji chọpụta njirimara nke mgbu na mgbaàmà so ya.

Nyocha onyonyo ahụike. Dabere na ihe a na-enyo enyo ma ọ bụ nke a nwapụtara, enwere ike ịme nyocha ọzọ dị ka ultrasound ma ọ bụ x-ray.

Laparoscopy. Nyocha a bụ usoro endoscopic na-enye ohere ịbanye n'ime oghere afọ, na-emegheghị mgbidi afọ.

Nyocha nke ndu. Enwere ike ime nyocha ọbara, dịka ọmụmaatụ iji chọpụta akara akpụ.

Na mbụ, ovaries họpụtara naanị akụkụ ahụ ebe a na-emepụta akwa n'ime anụmanụ oviparous, ya mere Latin etymological sitere: akwa, akwa. A na-ekenye okwu ahụ ovary site na ntụnyere ụmụ nwanyị gonads na anụmanụ viviparous, nke a na-akpọkwa ya dị ka testes nwanyị (5).