Occipital lobe (lobe - sitere na Greek lobos, occipital - sitere na Latin occipitalis ochie, sitere na occiput) bụ otu n'ime mpaghara ụbụrụ, nke dị n'akụkụ na azụ ụbụrụ.

ọnọdụ. Occipital lobe dị n'ogo nke ọkpụkpụ occipital, n'akụkụ akụkụ na akụkụ nke ụbụrụ. A na-ekewa ya na lobes ndị ọzọ site na oghere dị iche iche:

• Occipito-temporal sulcus na-ekewapụ ya na lobe temporal dị n'ihu.
• Oghere parieto-occipital na-ekewa ya na lobe parietal nke dị n'elu na n'ihu.
• Ogige calcarin dị n'okpuru lobe occipital.

Ihe owuwu bụ isi. Occipital lobe bụ otu n'ime mpaghara ụbụrụ. Nke ikpeazụ bụ akụkụ ụbụrụ kachasị emepe emepe ma were ọtụtụ n'ime ya. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ neurons, akụkụ ahụ cell nke dị na mpụta ma na-etolite ihe isi awọ. A na-akpọ elu elu a cortex. Mgbatị nke ahụ ndị a, nke a na-akpọ eriri akwara, dị n'etiti ma na-emepụta ihe ọcha. A na-akpọ elu ime ime a mpaghara medullary (1) (2). Ọtụtụ furrows, ma ọ bụ mgbawa mgbe ha dị omimi, na-amata ọdịiche dị iche iche n'ime ụbụrụ. Ogologo ogologo oge nke ụbụrụ na-enye ohere ikewa ya na akụkụ abụọ, aka ekpe na aka nri. A na-ejikọta akụkụ ndị a na ibe ha site na commissures, nke bụ isi bụ corpus callosum. A na-ekezi akụkụ nke ọ bụla, site na sulcus nke mbụ, gaa na lobes anọ: ihu ihu, lobe parietal, lobe temporal na lobe occipital (2) (3).

Structure du lobe occipital. Occipital lobe nwere nke abụọ na tertiary grooves, na-eme ka o kwe omume ịmepụta convolutions a na-akpọ gyri.

A na -ejikọ cortex ụbụrụ na ọrụ uche, sensitivomotor, yana mbido na njikwa mkpụkọ akwara. A na -ekesa ọrụ ndị a dị iche iche na ụbụrụ ụbụrụ dị iche iche (1).

Ọrụ nke lobe occipital. Lobe occipital nwere ọrụ somatosensory. Ọ gụnyere etiti ọhụụ (2) (3).

Site na degenerative, vaskụla ma ọ bụ tumor si malite, ụfọdụ pathologies nwere ike ịmalite na lobe occipital ma na-emetụta usoro nhụjuanya nke etiti.

Mgbu. Ihe mberede cerebrovascular, ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok, na-eme mgbe a kpọchiri arịa ọbara n'ụbụrụ, dị ka mkịrịkọ ọbara ma ọ bụ arịa gbawara agbawa (4). Ọrịa a nwere ike imetụta ọrụ nke lobe occipital.

Ọkpụkpụ isi. Ọ dabara na ujo na ọkwa nke okpokoro isi nke nwere ike ime ka ụbụrụ mebie, karịsịa na ọkwa nke lobe occipital. (5)

Ọkpụkpụ sclerosis. Nke a pathology bụ ọrịa autoimmune nke Central ụjọ usoro. Usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-awakpo myelin, n'ọbọ gbara eriri akwara gburugburu, na-ebute mmeghachi omume mkpasu iwe. (6)

Tumor nke lobe occipital. Ụbụrụ na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịmalite na ụbụrụ, karịsịa na lobe occipital. (7)

Ọrịa ọrịa ụbụrụ degenerative. Ụfọdụ ọrịa nwere ike ibute mgbanwe na anụ ahụ ụjọ na ụbụrụ.

• Ọrịa Alzheimer. Ọ na -ebute ngbanwe nke ikike ọgụgụ isi, ọkachasị enwe ebe nchekwa ma ọ bụ iche echiche. (8)
• Ọrịa Parkinson. A na -egosipụta ya nke ọma site na ịma jijiji mgbe ọ na -ezu ike, na -akwụsịlata ma na -ebelata oke ngagharị. (9)

Ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịgwọ ụfọdụ ọgwụgwọ dịka ọgwụ mgbochi mkpali.

Ọkpụkpụ thrombolyse. A na -eji ya n'oge ọrịa strok, ọgwụgwọ a gụnyere imebi thrombi, ma ọ bụ mkpụkọ ọbara, site n'enyemaka ọgwụ. (4)

Ọgwụ ịwa ahụ. Dabere n'ụdị ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịwa ahụ.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche. Dabere na ogbo nke etuto ahụ, enwere ike itinye ọgwụgwọ ndị a.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na -eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji lelee ma chọpụta ihe mgbaàmà onye ọrịa chọpụtara.

Nnyocha onyonyo ahụike. Iji guzobe ma ọ bụ gosipụta nchoputa, enwere ike ịme nyocha ụbụrụ ụbụrụ na spinal CT ma ọ bụ MRI ụbụrụ.

biopsy. Nnyocha a nwere ihe nlele sel.

Oghere Lumbar. Nnwale a na -enye ohere inyocha mmiri mmiri ụbụrụ.

Louis Pierre Gratiolet, onye French anatomist nke narị afọ nke 19, bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ webatara ụkpụrụ nke nkewa nke cortex n'ime lobes.