Epiglottis (nke sitere na Latin epiglottis nke oge ochie, nke sitere na Greek epiglôttis, nke pụtara "nke dị n'ire") bụ nhazi nke larynx, akụkụ nke usoro iku ume, nke dị na akpịrị n'etiti pharynx na trachea.

ọnọdụ. Epiglottis bụ nhazi nke larynx. Nke ikpeazụ dị na pharynx, n'ogo nke nkewa n'etiti ikuku (na trachea) na tract digestive (n'akụkụ esophagus). A na-ejikọta larynx na akụkụ elu ya na ọkpụkpụ hyoid. Larynx bụ duct nke nwere cartilages dị iche iche (1), nke ise bụ isi: cartilage thyroid, cartilage arytenoid, cartilage cricoid, na cartilage epiglotti. A na-ejikọta cartilages ọnụ site na nhazi nke ligaments na akpụkpọ anụ gbara ya gburugburu nke na-eme ka ọ dị ike nke larynx. A na-eme mmegharị nke larynx site na ọtụtụ akwara nke ga-etinye aka na mmegharị nke epiglottis na ụdọ olu.

Ọdịdị nke epiglottis. Ihe mejupụtara epiglottis bụ akụkụ nke cartilage epiglottis, na-eme ka ahụ efe dị ka obi ma na-enye epiglottis mgbanwe. A na-eji akpụkpọ anụ mucous kpuchie cartilage a. Epiglottis nwere ihu n'efu na elu, ma edozi ya maka ekele:

• 
  na ligament thyroepiglottic dị n'okpuru ya;
• gaa na njikọ hyoepiglottic n'elu ihu ya na ọkpụkpụ hyoid (1) (2).

Ọrụ na ilo. Iji gbochie ịfefe nri ma ọ bụ mmụba site na trachea na ngụgụ, epiglottis na -emechi nkọlọ na ụdọ olu na -abịakọ ọnụ (3).

Ọrụ iku ume. Epiglottis na ụdọ olu na -ebufe ikuku ikuku na trachea na ngụgụ, na -ekupụ ikuku na pharynx (3).

Akpịrị mgbu. N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ha sitere na nje virus. N'ihe banyere laryngitis ma ọ bụ epiglottitis, ha nwere ike jikọta ya na ọrịa nje.

Ọrịa Laryngitis. Ọ dabara na mbufụt nke larynx, nke nwere ike imetụta epiglottis. Nnukwu ma ọ bụ na-adịghị ala ala, ọ nwere ike igosipụta dị ka ụkwara na dysphonia (nsogbu ụzọ). Ọ na-akawanye njọ na ụmụaka ma nwee ike iso ya na dyspnea (ihe isi ike iku ume) (3).

Epiglottitis. Ọtụtụ mgbe sitere na nje bacteria, ọ bụ ụdị laryngitis siri ike na-emetụta epiglottis ozugbo. Ọ nwere ike ibute edema nke epiglottis ma nwee ike ibute asphyxia (4) (5).

Ọrịa Laryngeal. A na-ejikọta ya na ọrịa kansa akpịrị, ọ pụkwara ime na ọkwa niile nke larynx, karịsịa epiglottis (6).

Ọgwụ nje ma ọ bụ mgbochi mkpali. Enwere ike inye ọgwụ nje maka ọrịa nje. A pụkwara inye ọgwụ mgbochi mkpali iji belata nsị.

Ahụhụ. N'ọnọdụ ndị kacha njọ, ịwa ahụ a gụnyere oghere n'ogo nke nkọlọ ka ohere ikuku wee gbochie iku ume.

Laryngectomie. N'ọnọdụ kachasị njọ nke ọrịa kansa, enwere ike iwepụ larynx (7).

Radiotherapy. A na-ebibi mkpụrụ ndụ kansa site na ikpughe x-ray7.

Chemotherapy. Enwere ike inye ọgwụ iji gbochie mgbasa ọrịa kansa.

Laryngoscopy na -akwụghị ọtọ. Ọ na-enye gị ohere ịhụ larynx, na karịsịa epiglottis, na-eji obere enyo etinyere n'azụ akpịrị (8).

Laryngoscopy ozugbo. A na -amụ nkọ ahụ site n'iji ọkpọ na -agbanwe agbanwe ma na -agbanwe agbanwe nke ewepụtara site na imi. Ntinye aka a nwekwara ike ikwe ka ewere nlele (biopsy) ma ọ bụrụ na nyocha chọrọ ya (8).

La langngopharyngographie. Enwere ike ime nyocha x-ray nke nkọlọ iji mezue nchoputa (8).

valvụ. A na-ejikarị epiglottis tụnyere valvụ, na-egbochi nri ka ọ kpafuo n'ime trachea.

Ozizi na mmalite asụsụ. Ọnọdụ dị ala nke larynx na ụmụ mmadụ nke oge a ma e jiri ya tụnyere anụmanụ ndị ọzọ bụ isiokwu nke echiche banyere mmalite asụsụ. Otú ọ dị, nnyocha e mere n’oge na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi na ikike ikwu okwu tọrọ nnọọ ụtọ (9).