Ọbara ọbara (arịa: site na vascellum Latin dị ala, site na vasculum Latin oge ochie, nke pụtara obere arịa, ọbara: site na Latin sanguineus) bụ akụkụ nke mgbasa ọbara.

Nkọwa zuru ezu. Ọbara ọbara na -emepụta okirikiri mechiri emechi nke ọbara na -ekesa. A na -ekewa sekit a ka ọ bụrụ mgbasa ahụ buru ibu yana obere mgbasa nke akpa ume. Ụgbọ mmiri ndị a nwere mgbidi nwere akwa atọ: (1) (2)

• Uwe ime, ma ọ bụ intima, nke nwere akwa cellular nke endothelium ma kpuchie elu nke arịa ndị ahụ;
• Uwe elu, ma ọ bụ mgbasa ozi, nke mejupụtara akwa dị n'etiti yana nke nwere akwara na -agbanwe agbanwe;
• Mpekere dị mpụta, ma ọ bụ adventitia, nke mejupụtara akwa elu yana nke nwere eriri collagen na akwa anụ ahụ.

A na -ekewa arịa ọbara n’ọbara dị iche iche (1)

• Akwara. Ọkpụkpụ akwara bụ arịa ebe ọbara, nke bara ụba na ikuku oxygen, na -ahapụ obi iji rute akụkụ ahụ dị iche iche nke ahụ, ewezuga mgbasa nke akpa ume na placental. Enwere ụdị akwara dị iche iche dabere na nhazi ha1.

  -Ụdị akwara na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke nwere nnukwu ọkwa, nwere mgbidi gbara ọkpụrụkpụ ma nwee ọtụtụ eriri na-agbanwe. A na -ahụkarị ha n'akụkụ obi, dị ka aorta, ma ọ bụ akwara akwara.

  - akwara akwara nwere obere akwara na mgbidi ya nwere ọtụtụ eriri akwara dị nro.

  - Arterioles dị na njedebe nke akwara akwara, n'etiti akwara na capillaries. A na -ahụkarị ha na ngalaba ma ha enweghị mkpuchi elu.

• Akwara. Ọkpụkpụ akwara bụ arịa ebe ọbara, nke na -adịghị mma na ikuku oxygen, na -ahapụ mpụta ruo n'obi, ewezuga mgbasa akpa ume na placental. Site na capillaries, venules, obere veins, na -eweghachi ọbara dara ogbenye na ikuku oxygen wee sonye na akwara. (1) Nke ikpeazụ nwere mgbidi dị gịrịgịrị karịa akwara. Mgbidi ha nwere obere ihe na -agbanwe agbanwe na akwara, mana o nwere akwa mkpuchi siri ike. Ọkpụkpụ akwara nwere ike inwe ike ịnwe ọbara karịa akwara. Iji mee ka nloghachi venous dị mfe, akwara nke aka ala nwere valvụ. (2)
• Akwara. Ọkpụkpụ akwara bụ arịa ebe ọbara, nke na -adịghị mma na ikuku oxygen, na -ahapụ mpụta ruo n'obi, ewezuga mgbasa akpa ume na placental. Site na capillaries, venules, obere veins, na -eweghachi ọbara dara ogbenye na ikuku oxygen wee sonye na akwara. (1) Nke ikpeazụ nwere mgbidi dị gịrịgịrị karịa akwara. Mgbidi ha nwere obere ihe na -agbanwe agbanwe na akwara, mana o nwere akwa mkpuchi siri ike. Ọkpụkpụ akwara nwere ike inwe ike ịnwe ọbara karịa akwara. Iji mee ka nloghachi venous dị mfe, akwara nke aka ala nwere valvụ. (2)
• Ọkpụkpụ. N'ịmepụta netwọkụ nwere ngalaba, capillaries bụ arịa mara mma nke ukwuu, nwere dayameta sitere na 5 ruo 15 micrometer. Ha na -eme mgbanwe n'etiti arterioles na venules. Ha na -enye ohere ma nkesa ọbara oxygenated na nri; na ma mgbake nke carbon dioxide na mkpofu metabolic. (1)

Ime ime. Ọkpụkpụ akwara ọbara na -abanye n'ime akwara akwara ọmịiko iji hazie dayameta ha. (1)

Nkesa/Mwepụ. Ọbara ọbara na -enye ohere ma nkesa nri na mgbake nke ihe mkpofu metabolic.

Mgbagharị ọbara. Ọbara ọbara na -etolite sekit mechiri emechi. Ọbara bara ụba na-edozi ahụ na-esi na aorta na-ahapụ ventricle aka ekpe nke obi. Ọ na -aga n'ihu na -agafe akwara, arterioles, capillaries, venules na veins. Na capillaries, a na -agbanwe mgbanwe nri na ihe mkpofu. Ọbara dara ogbenye na-edozi ahụ na-erute na nri obi nke obi site na veva cavae abụọ tupu ịba ọgaranya na nri wee malite njem site na ahụ. (1) (2)

Nsogbu ndị metụtara ọbara mgbali. Ọbara mgbali elu megide mgbidi akwara nwere ike ibute ọbara mgbali elu ma nwekwa ike ịbawanye ohere nke ịrịa ọrịa vaskụla.3 N'aka nke ọzọ, oke mgbali elu na -eduga n'ọbara mgbali elu.

Thrombosis. Ọrịa a kwekọrọ na nguzobe ọbara n'ime arịa ọbara (4).

strok. A na -egosipụta ihe mberede ụbụrụ, ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok, site na ngọngọ nke arịa ọbara n'ụbụrụ, dị ka imepụta mkpụkọ ọbara ma ọ bụ mgbawa nke arịa. (4)

Ọrịa. A na -akpọkwa thrombosis venous, ọrịa a kwekọrọ na nguzobe ọbara, ma ọ bụ thrombus, na akwara. Mkpọchi ndị a nwere ike ịkwaga wee gbagoo na vena cava dị ala. Ọrịa a nwere ike ibute ọnọdụ dị iche iche dị ka ezughi oke nke venous, ya bụ ịrụ ọrụ nke netwọkụ venous (5).

Ọrịa obi. Ha gụnyere ọtụtụ ọrịa dị ka infarction myocardial ma ọ bụ angina pectoris. Mgbe ọrịa ndị a mere, a na -emetụta arịa ọbara mgbe mgbe, ọ nwere ike bute ikuku oxygen zuru oke. (6) (7)

Ngwọta ọgwụ ọjọọ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịde ọgwụ ụfọdụ dịka ọgwụ anticoagulants, anti-aggregants, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ndị na-egbochi ischemic.

Ọkpụkpụ thrombolyse. A na -eji ya n'oge ọrịa strok, ọgwụgwọ a gụnyere imebi thrombi, ma ọ bụ mkpụkọ ọbara, site n'enyemaka ọgwụ. (5)

Usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara na mmalite ya, ịwa ahụ nwere ike ịdị mkpa.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na -eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji chọpụta ma chọpụta ihe mgbu onye ọrịa chọpụtara.

Nyocha ule onyonyo. Enwere ike iji X-ray, CT, MRI, coronary angiography, CT angiography, ma ọ bụ ule arteriography iji gosi ma ọ bụ mikwuo nyocha ahụ.

• Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasound a kapịrị ọnụ na -eme ka o kwe omume ileba anya n'ọbara.

William Harvey, dibịa bekee nke narị afọ nke 16 na 17, bụ onye ama ama maka ọrụ ya na nchọpụta ya na arụ ọrụ mgbasa ọbara.