A tracheostomy bụ oghere ịwa ahụ nke trachea iji meziwanye ikuku na-eji ikuku ventilashị. Enwere ike ime ntinye aka a n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ yana karịsịa na nlekọta ahụike. 

A tracheostomy gụnyere ịmepụta obere oghere na larynx na ịtinye obere cannula n'ime ya, nke na-eme ka ventilashị dị mma (ntinye na ọpụpụ nke ikuku n'ime ngụgụ), na ma ọ bụ na-enweghị igwe. Ngosipụta a na-agafe traktị iku ume elu (imi na ọnụ). Ikuku adịkwaghị mkpa isi n'imi ma ọ bụ ọnụ gafere ruo ngụgụ. Tracheostomy nwere ike ịdịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ nwa oge.

Na-akwado maka tracheostomy

Mgbe a na-emeghị tracheostomy na ọnọdụ mberede, a na-ebute ya site na nyocha nhụsianya. 

Kedu ka esi eme tracheostomy?

Enwere ike ịme tracheostomy site na ịwa ahụ n'okpuru mgbatị izugbe ma ọ bụ n'oge ọ bụla n'okpuru mgbakasị mpaghara.

Maka tracheostomy ịwa ahụ, a na-eme mbepụ n'ogo nke trachea n'etiti mgbanaka cartilage nke abụọ na nke anọ. A na-etinyezi tracheostomy cannula n'ime trachea site na orifice a.

A na-eme tracheostomy percutaneous n'okpuru mgbakasị mpaghara, mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-enwekwu mgbakasị ahụ, n'akụkụ ihe ndina nke onye ọrịa na nlekọta ahụike ọ bụghị na ngalaba ịwa ahụ. N'okwu a, ọ dịghị mbepụ akpụkpọ ahụ. A na-eji agịga gbachie trachea. A na-eji agịga a na-agafe ntuziaka siri ike nke a na-ewebata nnukwu dilators buru ibu ruo mgbe ha ruru dayameta nke cannula. 

N'oge ihe mberede dị oke egwu, enwere ike ịme tracheostomy n'okpuru mgbakasị mpaghara na mpụga ụlọ ịwa ahụ.

A na-egosipụta tracheostomy nwa oge na oke ngwa ngwa n'ihe gbasara mgbochi ikuku elu (asphyxia) mgbe ntinye tracheal agaghị ekwe omume ma ọ bụ gbochie ya.

Enwere ike ịme tracheostomy nwa oge iji kwadebe maka ịwa ahụ laryngeal ma ọ bụ pharyngeal, iji merie intubation siri ike n'oge anesthesia, iji kwe ka ikuku ikuku na-adị ogologo oge n'ime onye nọ na nlekọta ahụike. 

Enwere ike ịme tracheostomy doro anya na ndị nwere nnukwu iku ume na-adịghị ala ala, ma ọ bụrụ na etiti ma ọ bụ nke akụkụ anomaly nke oropharyngeal junction (ọnụ-pharynx) nwere nsogbu ilo ma ọ bụ n'ọnọdụ nke ọrịa neuromuscular (dị ka myopathy) nke na-ebelata nke ukwuu. akwara iku ume ma ọ bụ ntụpọ dị na njikwa ha na-ebelata arụmọrụ nke iku ume ma chọọ enyemaka ikuku. 

A naghị ele ihe ga-esi na ntinye aka a pụta dị ka ihe na-egbu mgbu. Analgesics a na-enye mgbe arụchara ọrụ ahụ na-ebelata ihe mgbu ọ bụla. N'ime ụbọchị ole na ole mbụ, cannula nwere ike iwe iwe ma ọ bụ mee ka ụkwara reflex pụta. Ọ na-ewe ọtụtụ ụbọchị iji mara ya na tube tracheostomy na ọtụtụ izu ka ọ ghara inwe mmetụta ọ bụla. Tracheostomy anaghị egbochi ikwu okwu ma ọ bụ iri nri na mgbanwe ụfọdụ. 

Ibi na tracheostomy

Mgbe tracheostomy doro anya (n'ọnọdụ nke ọdịda iku ume na-adịghị ala ala ma ọ bụ na ọrịa neuromuscular, dịka ọmụmaatụ), tracheotomy na-ahụta dị ka ọkwa siri ike. iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ya, atụmanya nke ibi na mmachi karịa. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-eweta abamuru. Iku ume na-akawanye mma na ikuku ikuku a na-emerụ emerụ karịa ikuku ikuku na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. 

Ndị ọkachamara ahụike na-akụziri ndị ọrịa tracheostomy na ndị gbara ha gburugburu ihe nlekọta dị mkpa: mgbanwe nke cannula, nlekọta nke orifice nke trachea, endotracheal aspirations ... Ha nwere ike ịzụ ndị gbara ha gburugburu ka ha na-ahụ maka nlekọta a. 

Ịmara: Mgbe tracheostomy na-adịru nwa oge, mwepụ nke cannula na-enye ohere ka oghere nke pharynx mechie n'ime ụbọchị.