Ovarian follicles bụ akụkụ dị n'ime ovaries ma na-etinye aka na ovulation.

Ọnọdụ. Ovarian follicles dị na cortical mpaghara nke ovaries. Abụọ n'ọnụọgụ, ovaries nwanyị ma ọ bụ gonads bụ glands dị na obere pelvis, n'azụ akpanwa1. Ha na-ejikọtakwa tubes fallopian, nke akụkụ ya dị n'akụkụ ha ka ọ bụrụ pavilion. Ovoid na udi na 3 ruo 4 cm ogologo, ovaries nwere akụkụ 2:

• N'akụkụ akụkụ nke ovary bụ mpaghara cortical, ebe ọkpụkpụ ovarian dị;
• N'etiti etiti ovary bụ mpaghara azụ azụ, nke mejupụtara anụ ahụ jikọtara na arịa ọbara.

Structure. Nke ọ bụla n'ime ovarian follicle nwere oocyte, nke ga-aghọkwa akwa. Ọdịdị nke ovarian follicles na-adịgasị iche dị ka ogbo ha nke maturation (2) (3):

1. Primordial follicle: Ọ na-egosipụta follicle ovarian nke ntozu ya na-amalitebeghị. Ụdị follicle a dabara na nke a na-ahụ anya na mpaghara cortical.
2. Isi follicle: Ọ dabara na ọkwa mbụ nke maturation nke follicle ebe oocyte na sel ndị gbara ya gburugburu na-eto.
3. Follicle nke abụọ: N'oge a, ọtụtụ akwa epithelium na-etolite gburugburu oocyte. Nke ikpeazụ na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto. Selụ follicular wee were aha mkpụrụ ndụ granular.
4. Nke abụọ tozuru okè: Otu oyi akwa nke mkpụrụ ndụ na-etolite gburugburu follicle, na-akpụ follicular theca. N'oge a, oocyte na-ezobe ihe na-eme nnukwu akpụkpọ anụ, zona pellucida. Mmiri translucent na-anakọtakwa n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ granular.
5. Ovarian follicle tozuru okè ma ọ bụ De Graaf's follicle: Mmiri na-agbakọba n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ granular ọnụ na-etolite oghere, antrum follicular. Ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ejupụta na mmiri, oghere ahụ na-etolite wee kewapụ oocyte nke capsule cell ya gbara ya gburugburu, nke a na-akpọ corona radiata. Mgbe follicle ruru ogo ya kachasị, ọ dị njikere maka ovulation.
6. Corpus luteum: N'oge ovulation, a na-achụpụ oocyte mgbe follicle na-ada. Mkpụrụ ndụ granular na-amụba iji mejupụta oghere nke oocyte hapụrụ. Selụ ndị a na-agbanwe wee ghọọ mkpụrụ ndụ luteal, na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ nke a na-akpọ corpus luteum pụta. Nke ikpeazụ nwere ọrụ endocrine site n'ịmepụta akpan akpan progesterone, homonụ na-etinye aka na ihe omume nke fatịlaịza nke akwa akwa.
7. Ahụ ọcha: Ogbo ikpeazụ a kwekọrọ na nbibi nke follicle.

Na-adịru nkezi nke ụbọchị 28, okirikiri ovarian na-ezo aka na ihe omume niile na-enye ohere ntozu nke akwa n'ime ovary. Usoro hormonal dị iche iche na-achịkwa ihe omume ndị a ma kewara ya ụzọ abụọ (2) (3):

• Akụkụ follicular. Ọ na-ewere ọnọdụ site na 1st ruo 14th ụbọchị nke ovarian okirikiri na-agwụ n'oge ovulation. N'ime oge a, ọtụtụ follicles ovarian primordial na-amalite itolite. Naanị otu n'ime oghere ndị a na-erute na De Graaf follicle ogbo ma kwekọọ na follicle maka nchụpụ nke oocyte n'oge ovulation.
• Oge nke Luteal. Ọ na-ewere ọnọdụ site na 14th ruo 28th ụbọchị nke okirikiri ma kwekọọ na mmebi nke follicle. N'ime oge a, oghere ovarian na-etolite na-acha odo odo wee na-acha ọcha.

Ọrịa Ovaria. Ọrịa ọjọọ (cancer) ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma (na-abụghị nke kansa) nwere ike ịpụta na ovary, ebe oghere ovarian dị (4). Mgbaàmà nwere ike ịgụnye ahụ erughị ala pelvic, nsogbu ịhụ nsọ ma ọ bụ mgbu.

Ovarian cyst. Ọ dabara na mmepe nke akpa n'èzí ma ọ bụ n'ime ovary. Ọdịdị nke cyst ovarian na-agbanwe agbanwe. A na-ekewa ụdị cysts abụọ:

• Ihe cysts na-arụkarị ọrụ na-edozi ozugbo (1).
• Ọ dị mkpa ka a na-elekọta cysts Organic ka ha nwere ike ibute ahụ erughị ala, mgbu, na n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ mmepe nke mkpụrụ ndụ kansa.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dabere na pathology achọpụtara na mmalite ya, enwere ike itinye aka ịwa ahụ dị ka ịwa ahụ laparoscopic n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ nke cysts ovarian.

anara ọgwụ. Dabere n'ụdị na ogbo nke ọrịa kansa, ọgwụgwọ nke etuto ahụ nwere ike iso na chemotherapy.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na-eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji chọpụta ma chọpụta ihe mgbaàmà nke onye ọrịa ahụ ghọtara.

Nnyocha onyonyo ahụike. Dabere na ihe a na-enyo enyo ma ọ bụ nke a nwapụtara, enwere ike ịme nyocha ọzọ dị ka ultrasound ma ọ bụ x-ray.

Laparoscopy. Nyocha a bụ usoro endoscopic na-enye ohere ịbanye n'ime oghere afọ, na-emegheghị mgbidi afọ.

Nnyocha nke ndu. Enwere ike ime nyocha ọbara iji chọpụta, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ akara akpụ.

Na mbụ, ovaries họpụtara naanị akụkụ ahụ ebe a na-emepụta akwa n'ime anụmanụ oviparous, ya mere Latin etymological sitere: akwa, akwa. A na-ekenye okwu ahụ ovary site na ntụnyere ụmụ nwanyị gonads na anụmanụ viviparous, nke a na-akpọkwa ya dị ka testes nwanyị (5).