Enzymes bụ "ebe ọrụ" nke ahụ anyị. Ọ bụrụ n’ile anya n’akwụkwọ ntụzi aka, ị ga - achọpụta na okwu ahụ bụ enzymes, nke a sụgharịrị na Latịn, pụtara ihe iko achịcha. Ma ọ bụ n'ihi ihe iko achịcha dị otú a na ọtụtụ usoro kemịkal na-eme n'ime ahụ anyị nke ọ bụla.
Otu n'ime usoro kemịkal a nwere iche iche. N'ime otu, a na-agbari ndị na-edozi ahụ, n'oge nke ọzọ - abụba, na nke atọ bụ maka maka absorption nke carbohydrates. Na mgbakwunye, enzymes nwere ike ịgbanwe otu ihe n'ime ihe ọzọ, nke dị mkpa maka ahụ n'oge a.
Enzyme bara ụba nri:
General njirimara nke enzymes
Nchọpụta nke enzymes mere na 1814, n'ihi ntụgharị starch n'ime shuga. Mgbanwe a mere n'ihi ihe amylase enzyme dịpụrụ iche site na mkpụrụ ọka bali.
N'afọ 1836, achọpụtara enzyme, nke akpọrọ pepsin. A na -emepụta ya n'afọ anyị n'onwe ya, sitekwa n'enyemaka nke hydrochloric acid, ọ na -agbari ndị na -edozi ahụ nke ọma. A na -ejikwa Pepsin arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ịme cheese. Na ngbanwe nke yist, ịgba ụka na -egbu egbu na -ebute enzyme akpọrọ zymase.
Site na usoro ha, enzyme bụ nke otu protein. Ndị a bụ biocatalysts nke na-agbanwe ihe n'ime ahụ. Maka ebumnuche ha, enzymes kewara n'ime otu 6: lyases, hydrolases, oxidoreductases, transferases, isomerases and ligases.
N’afọ 1926, e bu ụzọ wepụta enzymes site na mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị ndụ ma nweta ya n’ụdị kristal. N'ihi ya, ọ bịara kwe omume iji ha mee ihe dị ka akụkụ nke ọgwụ iji meziwanye ike ahụ nke igwu nri.
Taa sayensị maara ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ enzymes niile, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ na-emepụta dị ka ọgwụ na mgbakwunye nri.
Pancreatin ewepụtara site na pancreas nke ehi, bromelain (enzyme painia), papain nke enwetara site na mkpụrụ osisi pọọpọ na -achọsi ike taa. Na nri nwere abụba nke sitere na osisi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ube oyibo, na pancreas nke anụmanụ na mmadụ, enwere enzyme akpọrọ lipase, nke na -etinye aka na mbibi nke abụba.
Kwa ụbọchị maka enzymes
O siri ike ịgbakọ ngụkọta nke enzymes nke ahụ chọrọ maka ịrụ ọrụ zuru oke n'oge ụbọchị, n'ihi ọtụtụ enzymes dị na ahụ anyị n'ọtụtụ dị iche iche.
Ọ bụrụ na ihe ọṅụṅụ gastric nwere enzymes proteolytic ole na ole, mgbe ahụ, ekwesịrị ịbawanye ọnụọgụ ngwaahịa nwere enzymes dị mkpa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-enye Pancreatin n'ụdị sitere na 576 mg kwa ụbọchị wee kwụsị, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, yana mmụba ugboro anọ na usoro ọgwụ a.
Mkpa maka enzymes na-abawanye:
- na ọrụ umengwụ nke eriri afọ;
- ya na oria ya;
- oke ibu;
- adịghị ike ọgụ;
- mmanya na-egbu egbu nke ahụ;
- n'oge agadi, mgbe enzymes nke ha na-akawanye njọ.
Mkpa maka enzymes na-ebelata:
- n'ihe banyere ụba enzymes proteolytic dị na mmiri ọricụ gastụ;
- onye anabataghị ngwaahịa na nkwadebe nwere enzymes.
Njirimara bara uru nke enzymes na mmetụta ha na ahụ
Enzymes na-etinye aka na usoro mgbaze, na-enyere ahụ aka ịhazi nri. Ha na-edozi metabolism, na-akwalite ọnwụ. Mee ka ihe mgbochi dị ike, wepụ nsị na ahụ.
Na-akwalite mmeghari ohuru nke sel nke ahụ na mee ka ahụ dị ọcha nke ahụ. Gbanwee nri na ike. Mee ngwangwa ọnya.
Na mgbakwunye, nri juputara na enzymes na-abawanye ọnụọgụ nke na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ nke ọma, si otú a na-ewusi ọgụ anyị ike. Ọnụnọ nke enzymes digestive na-etinye aka na nhazi ya na ịmịnye nri nke ọma.
Mmekọrịta na ihe dị mkpa
Akụkụ bụ isi nke ahụ anyị - protein, abụba, carbohydrates - na - ejikọ enzymes. Vitamin na-enyekwa aka na arụsi ọrụ ike nke ụfọdụ enzymes.
Maka ọrụ nke enzymes, nguzozi acid-base nke ahụ, ọnụnọ nke coenzymes (ihe ndị sitere na vitamin) na ndị na-arụkọ ọrụ dị mkpa. Nakwa enweghị ihe mgbochi - ụfọdụ ihe, ngwaahịa metabolic na-ebelata ọrụ nke enzymes n'oge mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ.
Ihe ịrịba ama nke enweghi enzymes n'ime ahụ:
- nsogbu nke eriri afọ;
- adịghị ike n'ozuzu;
- erughị ala;
- nkwonkwo mgbu;
- gastritis achilic;
- ụba agụụ na-adịghị mma.
Ihe ịrịba ama nke oke enzymes na ahụ:
- isi ọwụwa;
- mgbakasi ahụ;
- nfụkasị ahụ.
Ihe ndị metụtara ọdịnaya nke enzymes na ahụ
Iri nri nke enzymes mgbe niile na-enyere aka mejupụta enweghi enzymes dị mkpa na ahụ. Ma n'ihi na ha zuru assimilation na vitality, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na ụfọdụ acid-isi nguzozi, e ji mara naanị nke a ike ahu.
Na mgbakwunye, n'ụfọdụ ọrịa nke akụkụ eriri afọ, ụdị enzymes ụfọdụ anaghịzi emepụta ahụ site na oke zuru oke. N'okwu a, ihe mgbakwunye nri na ụfọdụ ọgwụ na-abịa napụta.
Enzymes maka ịma mma na ahụike
Ebe ọ bụ na enzymes na-etinye aka na ngbanwe nke ụfọdụ ogige n'ime ndị ọzọ, nke ka mkpa, ọrụ ha na-ekpebi ọ bụghị naanị ahụike nke ahụ anyị niile, kamakwa ọ na-emetụta ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ, ntutu, mbọ, na oke ahụ kacha mma.
Yabụ, n'iji nri nwere enzymes, ọ bụghị naanị na ị ga-edozi nri niile maka ahụ dum, kamakwa ị ga-eme ka ịma mma gị na mpụga gị. Ka a sịkwa ihe mere ha ji kwuo na ịma mma bụ, nke mbụ, ahụike kacha mma nke ihe niile dị ndụ!