Aorta thoracic (nke sitere na Greek aortê, nke pụtara nnukwu akwara) kwekọrọ na akụkụ nke aorta.

ọnọdụ. Aorta bụ akwara bụ isi nke na-esite na obi. E ji akụkụ abụọ mee ya:

• akụkụ thoracic, na-amalite site na obi na ịgbatị n'ime thorax, na-eme ka aorta thoracic;
• akụkụ afọ, na-esote akụkụ nke mbụ ma gbasaa n'ime afọ, na-eme ka aorta nke afọ.

Structure. E kewara aorta thoracic ụzọ atọ (1):

• Na-arị elu thoracic aorta. Ọ mejupụtara akụkụ mbụ nke aorta thoracic.

  Mmalite. Aorta thoracic na-arịgo na-amalite na ventricle aka ekpe nke obi.

  Azut. Ọ na-arị elu ma nwee ọdịdị fụrụ akpụ, nke a na-akpọ bọlbụ nke aorta.

  Nkwụsị. Ọ na-agwụ na ọkwa nke ọgịrịga nke abụọ ka a ga-agbatị site na akụkụ kwụ ọtọ nke aorta thoracic.

  Ala dị n'akụkụ. Aorta thoracic na-arịgo na-ebuli arịa akwara ọbara, nke ejikọtara maka obi. (2)

• Horizontal thoracic aorta. A na-akpọkwa aortic arch ma ọ bụ aortic arch, ọ bụ mpaghara na-ejikọta akụkụ ndị na-arịgo na nke na-agbada nke aorta thoracic. (2)

  Mmalite. Oghere nke aorta na-esote akụkụ na-arịgo, na ọkwa nke ọgịrịga nke abụọ.

  Ụzọ. Ọ na-agbagọ wee gbatịa n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ na nke obliquely, n'aka ekpe na n'azụ.

  Nkwụsị. Ọ na-agwụ na ọkwa nke 4th thoracic vertebra.

  Ala dị n'akụkụ.

  Aortic arch na-ebute ọtụtụ alaka (2) (3):

  Brachiocephalic akwara akwara. Ọ na-amalite na mmalite nke oghere aortic, gbatịa elu na ntakịrị azụ azụ. A na-ekewa ya na alaka abụọ: carotid bụ isi nke ziri ezi na subclavian ziri ezi, nke a kara aka maka nkwonkwo sternoclavicular ziri ezi.

  Carotid isi aka ekpe. Ọ na-amalite n'azụ oghere aortic na n'aka ekpe nke ogwe akwara brachiocephalic. Ọ na-arịgo n'akụkụ ala olu. Ọkụ akwara subclavian aka ekpe. Ọ na-amalite n'azụ akwara carotid bụ isi aka ekpe wee gbagoo ka ọ sonyere n'ala olu.

  Neubauer's ala thyroid akwara. Na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ, ọ na-amalitekarị n'etiti ogwe akwara brachio-cephalic na akwara carotid ochie nke aka ekpe. Ọ na-arị elu na-agwụ na thyroid isthmus.

• Na-agbada aorta thoracic. Ọ bụ akụkụ ikpeazụ nke aorta thoracic.

  Mmalite. Aorta thoracic na-agbada na-amalite na ọkwa nke 4th thoracic vertebra.

  Ụzọ. Ọ na-agbada n'ime mediastinum, mpaghara anatomical nke dị n'etiti ngụgụ abụọ ma nwere akụkụ dị iche iche gụnyere obi. Ọ na-agafe na orifice diaphragmatic. Ọ na-aga n'ihu na njem ya, na-abịaru nso n'etiti etiti iji guzobe onwe ya n'ihu ọkpụkpụ azụ. (1) (2)

  Nkwụsị. Aorta thoracic na-agbadata na-ejedebe na ọkwa nke 12th thoracic vertebra, na-agbatịkwa ya site na aorta abdominal. (1) (2)

  Ala dị n'akụkụs. Ha na-ebuli ọtụtụ alaka: alaka visceral nke a kara aka maka akụkụ thoracic; alaka parietal na mgbidi obi.

  Bronchial akwara. Ha na-amalite site n'akụkụ elu nke aorta thoracic wee sonye na bronchi, ọnụ ọgụgụ ha dịgasị iche.

  Esophageal akwara. Site na 2 ruo 4, akwara ndị a dị mma na-ebilite n'akụkụ aorta thoracic iji sonyere esophagus.

  Ọkpụkpụ akwara ozi. N'ịbụ ndị na-emepụta obere arterioles, ha na-amalite n'ihu ihu nke aorta thoracic tupu ha abanye na pleura, pericardium na ganglia.

  Akwara intercostal azụ. Iri na abụọ na ọnụọgụgụ, ha na-esite na azụ azụ nke aorta thoracic ma kesaa ya na ọkwa nke oghere intercostal kwekọrọ. (12)

Mgbasa ozi. Site n'enyemaka nke ọtụtụ alaka ya na-enye mgbidi thoracic na akụkụ ahụ visceral, thoracic aorta na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na vascularization nke organism.

Mgbidi elasticity. Aorta nwere mgbidi na-agbanwe agbanwe nke na-enye ya ohere ime mgbanwe dị iche iche nrụgide na-ebilite n'oge oge nke obi obi na izu ike.

The thoracic aortic aneurysm bụ ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ nweta ya. Usoro ọgwụgwọ a kwekọrọ na mgbasa nke aorta thoracic, na-eme mgbe mgbidi nke aorta na-adịkwaghị adị. Ka ọ na-aga n'ihu, aneurysm nke afọ ime nwere ike iduga: (4) (5)

• mkpakọ nke akụkụ ndị agbata obi;
• thrombosis, ya bụ, nguzobe nke mkpụkọ, na aneurysm;
• mmepe nke dissection aortic;
• nsogbu nke fissure kwekọrọ na "tupu-rupture" na-akpata mgbu;
• aneurysm gbawara agbawa kwekọrọ na mgbawa nke mgbidi nke aorta.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dabere na ọkwa nke aneurysm na ọnọdụ onye ọrịa, enwere ike ịwa ahụ na aorta thoracic.

Nlekọta ahụike. N'ihe gbasara obere aneurysms, a na-edobe onye ọrịa n'okpuru nlekọta ahụike mana ọ chọghị ịwa ahụ.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na-eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji chọpụta ihe mgbu abdominal na / ma ọ bụ lumbar.

Nnyocha onyonyo ahụike. Iji guzobe ma ọ bụ kwado nchoputa, enwere ike ime ultrasound nke afọ. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ya site na nyocha CT, MRI, angiography, ma ọ bụ ọbụna aortography.

Neubauer's ala thyroid artery ji aha ya na narị afọ nke 18 German anatomist na dọkịta na-awa Johann Neubauer. (6)