The fornix (nke sitere na Latin fornix, nke pụtara ụgbọ) bụ usoro nke ụbụrụ, nke sitere na usoro limbic na-eme ka o kwe omume ijikọ akụkụ abụọ nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ.

ọnọdụ. The fornix bụ nke Central ụjọ usoro. Ọ mebere commissure intra na inter-hemispherical, ya bụ, ihe owuwu na-eme ka o kwe omume ijikọ akụkụ akụkụ ụbụrụ abụọ, aka ekpe na aka nri. The fornix dị n'etiti ụbụrụ, n'okpuru corpus callosum (1), na-esi na hippocampus ruo n'ahụ mammillary nke ọ bụla hemisphere.

Structure. Ihe mejupụtara fornix bụ eriri akwara, ọkachasị site na hippocampus, usoro ụbụrụ dị na mpaghara ọ bụla (2). Enwere ike kewaa fornix n'ọtụtụ akụkụ (1):

• Ahụ nke fornix, nke edobere n'ahịrị na glued n'okpuru corpus callosum, bụ akụkụ etiti.
• Ogidi nke fornix, abụọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ, na-esi na ahụ pụta ma na-aga n'ihu ụbụrụ. Ogidi ndị a na-agbada ala na azụ iji ruo ma kwụsị n'ahụ anụ ahụ, akụkụ nke hypothalamus.
• Ogidi nke fornix, abụọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ, na-esi na ahụ pụta ma na-aga n'azụ ụbụrụ. Osisi na-abịa site na ogidi ọ bụla ma tinye ya n'ime lobe nke ọ bụla iji ruo hippocampus.

Onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke usoro limbic. The fornix bụ nke limbic usoro. Usoro a na-ejikọta akụkụ nke ụbụrụ ma na-enye ohere nhazi nke mmetụta mmetụta uche, moto na vegetative ozi. Ọ na-enwe mmetụta na omume ma na-etinyekwa aka na usoro nke iburu n'isi (2) (3).

Site na degenerative, vaskụla ma ọ bụ tumor si malite, ụfọdụ pathologies nwere ike ịmalite ma na-emetụta usoro nhụjuanya nke etiti na karịsịa fornix.

Isi trauma. Ọ dabara na ujo na okpokoro isi nke nwere ike imebi ụbụrụ. (4)

strok. Ihe mberede nke cerebrovascular, ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok, na-egosipụta site na nkwụsị nke arịa ọbara ụbụrụ, gụnyere nhazi nke ọbara ma ọ bụ nkwụsị nke arịa.5 Ọnọdụ a nwere ike imetụta ọrụ nke fornix.

Ọrịa Alzheimer. A na-egosipụta pathology a site na ngbanwe nke ikike ọgụgụ isi na karịsịa enweghị ncheta ma ọ bụ mbelata na ngalaba echiche. (6)

Ọria oria. Ọ dabara na ọrịa neurodegenerative, ihe mgbaàmà ya bụ karịsịa ịma jijiji na izu ike, ma ọ bụ ibelata na mbelata na nso nso a. (7)

Ọtụtụ sclerosis. Ọrịa a bụ ọrịa autoimmune nke sistem akwara ozi etiti. Usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na -awakpo myelin, n'ọbọ gbara akwara akwara gburugburu ya, na -akpata mmeghachi omume mkpali. (8)

Ọkpụkpụ obi. Ụbụrụ na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịmalite na ụbụrụ ma na-emetụta ọrụ nke fornix. (9)

Ngwọta ọgwụ ọjọọ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịgwọ ụfọdụ ọgwụgwọ dịka ọgwụ mgbochi mkpali.

Ọkpụkpụ thrombolyse. A na -eji ya n'oge ọrịa strok, ọgwụgwọ a gụnyere imebi thrombi, ma ọ bụ mkpụkọ ọbara, site n'enyemaka ọgwụ. (5)

Usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dabere n'ụdị pathology a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịwa ahụ.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche. Dabere n'ụdị na ọkwa nke etuto ahụ, enwere ike itinye ọgwụgwọ ndị a.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na -eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji lelee ma chọpụta ihe mgbaàmà onye ọrịa chọpụtara.

Nnyocha onyonyo ahụike. Iji chọpụta mmebi fornix, enwere ike ịme nyocha ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ MRI ụbụrụ.

biopsy. Nyocha a nwere ihe nlele nke mkpụrụ ndụ, karịsịa iji nyochaa mkpụrụ ndụ tumo.

Oghere Lumbar. Nnwale a na -enye ohere inyocha mmiri mmiri ụbụrụ.

Sekit Papez, nke onye America neuroanatomist James Papez kọwara na 1937, na-achịkọta akụkụ niile nke ụbụrụ na-etinye aka na usoro mmetụta uche, gụnyere fornix. (10).