Blue spruce

Spruce acha anụnụ anụnụ, ọ bụkwa ọkọ (Picea pungens) bụ nwa afọ North America. Ma mgbe ọ rutere Europe, ọ na-ewu ewu ozugbo n'ebe ahụ ma nweta ohere ngwa ngwa. Ọ na-hụrụ n'anya maka ikpọ agba nke agịga, symmetrical ok okpueze, unpretentiousness, ifufe na unwu eguzogide, na ike na-adị ndụ na oké frosts. Nke a spruce bụ ezigbo ogologo imeju, afọ ya nwere ike iru afọ 500, Otú ọ dị, na ihu igwe, mgbe afọ 40 gasịrị, spruce na-amalite ịkwụsị àgwà ya.

Blue spruce iche

Ihe okike ekenyela spruce acha anụnụ anụnụ nwere ọdịdị dị egwu, mana ndị na-azụ anụ emeela ọmarịcha ọmarịcha site n'ịmụ mmụgharị eke na imepụta ụdị dị iche iche na-enweghị atụ. Ma taa, spruces nwere okpueze pyramidal na cone, dwarfs nwere okpueze okirikiri na oval dị n'ahịa. Na agba nke agịga dịgasị iche site na ọlaọcha ruo na-acha anụnụ anụnụ (1).

Glouca glauca (Glauca Globosa). Ikekwe ndị kasị ewu ewu iche iche n'etiti gardeners. E nwetara ya na 1937 site na mkpụrụ osisi, ma na 1955 ọ banyere n'ahịa. Osisi ekeresimesi dwarf nke nwere okpueze gbara agba mara mma agaghị eto karịa 2 m, mana ruo 3 m n'obosara. N'ime afọ mbụ nke ndụ, okpueze ahụ na-ele anya nke ọma ma na-agbaze, ma mgbe ahụ ọ na-enweta ọmarịcha oval na njupụta mara mma. Agịga ndị ahụ dị ogologo, ntakịrị gbagọrọ agbagọ, na-acha ọcha-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Cones bụ nnukwu, agba aja aja. Ụdị dị iche iche a dị mma karịsịa, anyadokwa ya na ogwe osisi toro ogologo.

Glauka globoza na-eguzogide ntu oyi (na-anabata ihe ruru -40 Celsius C), na-ese foto, mana ọ nwekwara ike itolite na ndò. Ala na-amasị loamy, tụụrụ ya, ntakịrị acidic ma ọ bụ na-anọpụ iche.

N'ime ubi, ụdị dị iche iche a dị mma na mpaghara ihu, na rockeries na mgbidi na-ejigide.

Hoopsie (Hoopsii). A na-ewere ya dị ka bluest niile na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ụdị dị iche iche a bụ n'ihi ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ nke ndị Germany na-azụ site na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara Hoops. Otú ọ dị, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọdịdị na nkwalite nke ụdị dị iche iche nwere nghọtahie doro anya. Ihe dị mkpa bụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na n'etiti narị afọ gara aga, spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ pụtara n'ahịa, na-eto eto na-eto eto ma naanị mgbe ọtụtụ afọ gachara ruo 8 m, ụdị onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịmalite ruo 12 m na okpueze. dayameta ruo 3-5 m. Nke a dị gịrịgịrị ịma mma na mbụ yiri ubé lopsided, ma n'ime afọ ogwe etoju anya, ok obosara okpueze na-aghọ symmetrical, conical, ọgaranya-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba nke agịga amalite ọlaọcha na-egbuke egbuke anyanwụ. A na-enye ike na ike nke spruce a site na obere alaka (2).

Ụdị dị iche iche na-eguzogide ntu oyi (na-anabata ruo -40 Celsius C), na-ese foto, mana ọ na-adị mfe na-eji obere ndo. Ala na-ahọrọ loamy, nke na-adịchaghị mma na nke na-eme nri, na-asọpụta nke ọma.

N'ime ubi, ụdị spruce a dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ nke osisi Krismas nke ọma. Ya mere, ebe ya dị n'ihu nke ogige ma ọ bụ na nzuzo na-emegide azụ nke ahịhịa. Hupsi nwere ike ịghọ ihe ndabere dị egwu maka dwarf na osisi coniferous na-arị elu.

Acha anụnụ anụnụ (Majestic Blue). Nke a cultivar bụ osisi steeti US steeti Colorado na Utah. Ọ bụghị ihe ndaba na aha ya bụ "ịdị ebube". Ọ dị ka nke a: osisi dị gịrịgịrị ruo mita 45 n'ịdị elu na ruo 6 m n'obosara, nke nwere ogwe osisi isi awọ mara mma na agịga na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Na agịga adịghị obere, 3 cm ogologo, siri ike, tetrahedral. Agba ha na-agbanwe n'ime afọ: site na ọcha ruo na-acha anụnụ anụnụ site n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Nnukwu cones na-apụta na spruce a naanị na osisi karịrị afọ 30.

Ụdị dị iche iche na-eguzogide ntu oyi, na-anabata ihe ruru -40 Celsius, Otú ọ dị, n'ọnọdụ ndị siri ike, site na afọ 40-50, spruce na-efunahụ àgwà ọma ya dị elu. Ìhè-ịhụnanya, ma dị mfe na-edobe na shading, Otú ọ dị, na-emebi decorativeness. Ala na-ahọrọ aja na aja na-adịghị mma, na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-eme nri, nke ọma, na mmeghachi omume sitere na acidic ruo ntakịrị alkaline.

Ụdị dị iche iche a mara oke mma nke na ọ chọrọ ohere dị ukwuu. Na nnukwu ubi, ọ nwere ike ije ozi dị ka osisi Krismas, ma ọ bụ ghọọ ebe ndabere maka osisi ornamental na obere mkpụrụ osisi coniferous.

Ụdị atọ a bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu n'etiti ndị na-elekọta ubi, ma e nwere ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị:

• Glauca pendula (Glauca pendula) - 8 - 10 m dị elu, nke nwere okpueze kwụ ọtọ ma ọ bụ gbagọrọ agbagọ, alaka na-ekowe na agịga ọlaọcha-agba ntụ;
• Glauca procumbens (Glauca procumbens) - ụdị dwarf 20 cm dị elu nke nwere okpueze na-agbasaghị nke ọma ruo 1,2 m na dayameta na agịga na-acha anụnụ anụnụ;
• Glauca prostrata (Glauca prostrata) - ụdị dwarf na-erughị 40 cm dị elu na okpueze dị larịị nke dina n'ala, ruo 2 m n'obosara;
• Ọkụ ọkụ (Koster) - 10 - 15 m elu, nke nwere okpueze conical mgbe niile na agịga na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ;
• Egwu igwe oji - 5 - 7 m elu nwere okpueze conical na agịga na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.

Ịkụ mkpụrụ spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ

Maka osisi nwere usoro mgbọrọgwụ mechiri emechi (ZKS), oge ịkụ ihe kacha mma bụ site na etiti Eprel ruo Ọktọba, maka seedlings nwere usoro mgbọrọgwụ mepere emepe - ruo etiti Eprel na ọkara nke abụọ nke Septemba - mbido Nọvemba.

Nhọrọ kacha mma bụ mkpụrụ osisi n'ime akpa ma ọ bụ nke nwere ụrọ ụrọ juru. A ghaghị ịkwadebe olulu ọdịda n'ọdịnihu. Fatịlaịza bụ ndị pụrụ iche, ọkacha mma na-eme ogologo oge. Enweghị nri ma ọ bụ compost ọhụrụ, Otú ọ dị, yana fatịlaịza nitrogen ọ bụla, yana ntụ. Ọ bara uru ịgbakwunye humus akwukwo, ájá osimiri na sawdust siri ike ma ọ bụ agịga akọrọ na ala ubi.

Mgbe ị na-akụ ihe, ọ dị mkpa ka ị ghara ili mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ, ya mere, kụọ ya n'otu ọkwa ahụ dị ka seedling toro n'ime akpa ahụ. Mgbe a kụrụ ya, ọ dị mkpa ka osisi ahụ na-agba mmiri nke ukwuu na iji hụ na ị na-agba mmiri na ịsa ahụ mgbe niile n'oge oge na-eto eto na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ.

Mgbe ị na-akụ na mmiri, ọ dị mkpa iji kpuchie seedling site na anwụ na-egbuke egbuke.

Ọ dị mkpa ịkwadebe seedlings na-eto eto maka oge oyi nke mbụ site na ijikọta ha na alaka spruce ma ọ bụ burlap.

acha anụnụ anụnụ spruce nlekọta

Ụdị dị iche iche na ụdị spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ dị iche iche, oyi-hardy, nwere ike itolite ọbụna na mpaghara ndị siri ike nke mba anyị. N'ozuzu, ha enweghị nkọwa, mana ha ka nwere nuances nlekọta nke ha.

Ground

Ala maka akuku spruce kwesịrị ịbụ aja ma ọ bụ loamy, rụrụ arụ, nke ọma. Ekwesịrị itinye mmiri mmiri n'ime oghere akuku, n'ihi na osisi ndị a anaghị anabata mmiri na-adịghị. Ọ bụrụ na mmeghachi omume nke ngwọta ala bụ alkaline, ammonium sulfate ma ọ bụ ụwa nke nwere oke ọhịa coniferous na-agbakwunye na ala.

Ọkụ

Okpueze mara mma, nkwekọrịta nke spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ ga-adị naanị n'ebe dị ọkụ. Otú ọ dị, osisi na-eto eto mgbe a kụrụ ya na mmiri chọrọ shading n'ime izu abụọ mbụ, yana nchebe pụọ na ntachu n'oge oyi mbụ.

.Gbara mmiri

N'okike, spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-eto n'elu ala mmiri na-adịghị mma ma bụrụ ụdị na-eguzogide mmiri ozuzo. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ị na-akụ, ụdị niile chọrọ ịgbara mmiri dị elu n'ime afọ abụọ mbụ mgbe akuku. N'afọ nke ịgha mkpụrụ, a na-achọ ịgbara mmiri otu ugboro n'izu na ọnụego 10 - 12 lita mmiri kwa seedling na elu adịghị ihe karịrị 0,5 m. Na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, na mgbede ma ọ bụ ụtụtụ ụtụtụ, ịsa ahụ - ịsa ahụ nwere mmetụta bara uru. Iji chekwaa mmiri mmiri, enwere ike iji nnukwu oyi akwa nke ogbugbo ma ọ bụ sawdust nke conifers kpuchie akụkụ okporo osisi.

Ọnọdụ kachasị mkpa maka ezigbo oyi nke osisi na-eto eto bụ mmiri na-ebu mmiri. N'agbanyeghị otú mgbụsị akwụkwọ si dị, na October, n'okpuru osisi coniferous ọ bụla, ọ dị mkpa ịwụsa ma ọ dịkarịa ala 20-30 lita mmiri na obere osisi na 50 lita kwa mita nke okpueze dị elu.

nri

Mgbe ị na-akụ mkpụrụ, a na-eji fatịlaịza-phosphorus-potassium eme ihe ma na-eji sawdust nke ụdị coniferous mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi ikuku.

Nri

N'elu ala na-eme nri na mbụ 2 - 3 afọ mgbe akuku, spruce adịghị mkpa akwa mgbakwasa. N'ọdịnihu, ọ bụrụ na a na-emepụta osisi site na ịkwachaa, a na-etinye fatịlaịza pụrụ iche maka conifers n'osisi osisi n'oge opupu ihe ubi. A na-enye spruces na-eto eto n'efu naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ha emeghị nke ọma.

Mgbe agịga na-atụgharị edo edo wee daa, yana n'afọ mbụ nke ịgha mkpụrụ, ha na-eji ihe ngwọta nke Epin na Ferrovit fesa okpueze.

acha anụnụ anụnụ spruce ozuzu

A na-agbasa spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ site na mkpụrụ osisi, mgbụsị akwụkwọ oyi na grafting. Ọ bụ ụdị a dị mfe ịgbasa site na mkpụrụ karịa site na cuttings.

Mkpụrụ. Site na usoro mkpụrụ nke ịkụ mkpụrụ, a naghị echekwa njirimara varietal. Otú ọ dị, na usoro a, enwere ohere ịnweta osisi nwere agba agịga miri emi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mere na ọmụmụ nke ụdị Hupsi.

Site na usoro a na-eto eto, ọ dị mkpa na mkpụrụ ahụ dị ọhụrụ ma na-aga n'ụzọ nke stratification. Ụbọchị 2-3 tupu ịgha mkpụrụ, a na-ebufe mkpụrụ ahụ n'ebe dị ọkụ ma kpọọ nkụ. A na-akụ mkpụrụ na omimi nke 1 - 2 cm n'ime igbe ma ọ bụ na griin haus, na-agbakwunye fungicides na fatịlaịza maka conifers na mkpụrụ ọkụ. A na-agbanye ihe ọkụkụ mgbe niile ma na-eku ume, mgbe afọ 2-3 gachara, a na-atụgharị ha n'àkwà ozuzu maka itolite, na naanị mgbe ọ dị afọ 6-7, a na-akụ ya na ebe na-adịgide adịgide.

Mpekere. A na-ewepụ mkpụrụ osisi sitere na alaka elu nke osisi nne ma ọ dịkarịa ala 6-8 afọ. Ha na-eme nke a n'ụbọchị ígwé ojii n'April, June, August ma ọ bụ Ọktọba, na-agbaji alaka ụlọ ọrụ na ikiri ụkwụ - otu mpempe akwụkwọ. Ogologo nke ọma kwesịrị ịdị 7-10 cm.

Ozugbo owuwe ihe ubi, a na-ewepụ agịga ndị dị ala na mpekere ma were ntụ ntụ nke ihe na-akpali akpali mgbọrọgwụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, Heteroauxin). Mgbe ahụ, a na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi ahụ n'ime ite nwere ala na-eme nri n'akụkụ 30 Celsius, na-emikpu site na 2-3 cm. A na-etinye ite ndị ahụ na griin haus ma ọ bụ kpuchie ya na akpa rọba. Otu ugboro n'ụbọchị ọdịda ọ dị mkpa ka ikuku ikuku.

Nwee ndidi - usoro mgbọrọgwụ nwere ike were ihe ruru otu afọ. Na n'ime oge a, ọ dị mkpa ka ị na-agba mmiri mgbe niile na ikuku ikuku na osisi. Otu ugboro kwa izu 2, ị nwere ike itinye ngwọta na-adịghị ike nke Heteroauxin na mmiri.

N'oge opupu ihe ubi, a na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, nke a na-ahazi n'okpuru osisi osisi. Naanị mgbe afọ atọ ma ọ bụ anọ gachara, a ga-akụ osisi ndị toro eto na ebe na-adịgide adịgide.

Blue spruce ọrịa

Nchara (spruce spinner). Ọrịa fungal nke mbụ na-apụta na ogbugbo n'ụdị obere ọzịza oroma na dayameta nke 0,5 cm. Mgbe ahụ, agịga na-amalite ịtụgharị edo edo wee daa. Nchara nwekwara ike imetụta cones.

Na mbido mbụ, ọ dị mkpa ka a na-anakọta agịga na cones na-arịa ọrịa mgbe niile, bee ma gbaa alaka ndị ero ahụ metụtara. A ga-efesa osisi ndị na-arịa ọrịa na Hom (ọla kọpa oxychloride) (3) ma ọ bụ Rakurs. Iji gbochie ọrịa ahụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi, a na-efesa mmiri mmiri Bordeaux.

Shutte. Onye na-akpata ọrịa ahụ bụ fungus pathogenic. Ọ na-emetụta spruce n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'okpuru mkpuchi snow. N'ihi ya, agịga agba aja aja na-acha ọcha na-apụta n'osisi na-arịa ọrịa na mmiri. Agịga na-emetụta nwere ike ịnọ na spruce maka afọ ọzọ, na-agbasa ọrịa ahụ. Schutte na-emetụta mmepe nke osisi ahụ, na mmebi siri ike ọ nwere ike ịkpata ọnwụ nke spruce.

Iji gbochie ọrịa ahụ, a na-eji mmiri mmiri Bordeaux fesa mmiri ma ọ bụ ngwọta nke sọlfọ colloidal. N'ime osisi ndị na-arịa ọrịa, a na-ewepụ alaka ndị ahụ metụtara na spruce na-efesa ugboro atọ na ngwọta nke Hom ma ọ bụ Angle (3).

Blue spruce pests

spruce udide mite. Mmegide spruce osisi na-ekpo ọkụ akọrọ ọnwa nke afọ. Osisi ahụ na-emebi agịga ma mee ka ha nwee ike ibute ọrịa fungal. Site na ọrịa siri ike, agịga ahụ na-agba aja aja ma na-akụda, cobwebs na-apụta na osisi.

Maka mgbochi, a na-eme ka okpueze osisi na-agba mmiri mgbe niile. Enwere ike ibibi akara ahụ naanị site na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpueze na Actellik, Antiklesh, Fitoverm (3). Ọ dị mkpa ịme ma ọ dịkarịa ala ọgwụgwọ 3 site na June ruo Septemba.

Spruce sawfly. Obere larvae sawfly na-eri agịga. Mana anyị na-ahụ ihe ndị a na-emebi emebi naanị mgbe agịga na-eto eto na-acha ọbara ọbara-agba aja aja.

Na mmalite nke ọrịa, ịfesa Actellik ma ọ bụ Fury dị irè. Ọgwụ kachasị dị irè sitere na sawfly bụ Pinocid. A na-efesa ngwọta ahụ n'elu osisi 2-3 ugboro. N'otu oge ahụ, ha na-agbakwa ala nke osisi osisi.

Spruce-fir hamis. Otu obere aphid na-emerụ osisi ahụ, na-ahapụ agbagọ agbagọ na agba odo nke ome ahụ. Ụmụ ahụhụ na-ehi ụra n'ime mpịachi nke ogbugbo.

Enwere ike imeri Hamis naanị site na usoro nhazi. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, a na-efesa sulfate ọla kọpa, na mbido May na n'afọ iri nke atọ nke June - Aktellik, Komandor, Fufanon na-eji ngwọta Aktara na-agba osisi osisi. Na ọkara nke abụọ nke August - ọgwụgwọ na ngwọta nke ọla kọpa sulfate.

Ajụjụ na azịza ndị ama ama

Anyị jụrụ banyere spruce na-acha anụnụ anụnụ Agronomist Oleg Ispolatov - ọ zara ajụjụ ndị kasị ewu ewu nke ndị bi n'oge okpomọkụ.

Isi mmalite nke

1. Stupakova OM, Aksyanova T.Yu. Ihe mejupụtara nke herbaceous perennial, osisi coniferous na osisi deciduous na nhazi obodo mepere emepe // Conifers nke mpaghara boreal, 2013 https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kompozitsii-iz-mnogoletnih-travyanistyh-drevesnyh-hvoynyh-i-listvennyh- rasteniy- v-ozelenenii-gorodov
2. Gerd Krussman. Ụdị coniferous. // M., Ụlọ ọrụ osisi, 1986, 257 p.
3. Katalọgụ steeti nke pesticides na agrochemicals akwadoro maka iji na mpaghara Federation dị ka nke July 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture of the Federation https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii-khimizatsii - i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-ozi/ozi-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/