Azygos vein (azygos: site na Grik pụtara “nke na -adịghịdị”), nke a na -akpọkwa nnukwu azygos vein, bụ akwara dị na akpịrị.

ọnọdụ. Azụ azygos na alaka ya dị n'ogo nke mpaghara lumbar nke elu, yana n'ogo mgbidi mgbidi.

Structure. Ọkpụkpụ azygos bụ isi akwara nke sistem azygos venous. E kewara nke ikpeazụ ụzọ abụọ:

• akụkụ kwụ ọtọ nke gụnyere akwara azygos ma ọ bụ nnukwu azygos vein;
• akụkụ aka ekpe nke nwere obere azygos ma ọ bụ vemia hemiazygous, nke nwere hemiazygous vein, ma ọ bụ vein hemiazygous dị ala, yana ngwa hemiazygous vein, ma ọ bụ vein hemiazygous elu. (1) (2)

Vivine azygos

Mmalite. Azụ azygos sitere na ịdị elu nke oghere intercostal ziri ezi nke 11, yana site na isi mmalite abụọ:

• isi mmalite nke njikọ nke akwara akwara lumbar ziri ezi na akwara intercostal nke 12 dị mma;
• Isi mmalite sitere na azụ azụ nke vena cava dị ala, ma ọ bụ site na akwara akwara ziri ezi.

Ụzọ. Ọkpụkpụ azygos na -ebili n'akụkụ ihu nke akụkụ vertebral. N'ọkwa nke azụ azụ nke anọ nke azụ, azygos vein curves na -etolite oghere iji sonye na vena cava dị elu.

Alaka. Ọkpụkpụ azygos nwere ọtụtụ ngalaba nkwekọrịta nke ga -esonye na ya n'oge njem ya: akwara akwara azụ azụ asatọ nke ikpeazụ, akwara intercostal ziri ezi nke ọma, akwara bronchial na esophageal, yana akwara abụọ hemiazygous. (1) (2)

Ọrịa Hemiazygous

Mmalite. Ọbara hemiazygous na -ebili na elu nke oghere intercostal ekpe nke 11, na site na isi mmalite abụọ:

• isi mmalite nke njikọta nke akwara lumbar na -arịgo aka ekpe na akwara intercostal nke 12 ekpe;
• isi iyi nke nwere akwara akwara aka ekpe.

Ụzọ. Ọkpụkpụ hemiazygous na -aga n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke spain. Mgbe ahụ ọ na -esonyere akwara azygos n'ogo nke azụ azụ nke asatọ.

Alaka. Akwara hemiazygous nwere alaka njikọ nke ga -esonyere ya n'oge njem ya: akwara intercostal ikpeazụ nke anọ ma ọ bụ 4 fọdụrụ. (5) (1)

Ngwa hemiazygous ngwa

Mmalite. Ngwa akwara hemiazygous na -agbapụta site na 5th ruo 8th vein intercostal n'azụ.

Ụzọ. Ọ na -agbada na ihu aka ekpe nke akụkụ vertebral. Ọ na -esonyere akwara azygos n'ogo nke 8th dorsal vertebra.

Alaka. N'okporo ụzọ, alaka ndị na -ekwe nkwa na -esonyere akwara hemiazygous ngwa: akwara bronchial na veins esophageal etiti.1,2

A na -eji sistemụ venous azygos agbapụta ọbara venous, ogbenye na ikuku oxygen, site n'azụ, mgbidi obi, yana mgbidi afọ (1) (2).

Ọrịa. A na -akpọkwa thrombosis venous, ọrịa a kwekọrọ na nguzobe ọbara, ma ọ bụ thrombus, na akwara. Ọrịa a nwere ike ibute ọnọdụ dị iche iche dịka ụkọ venous insufficiency (3).

Enweghi ike nke Venous. Ọnọdụ a kwekọrọ na nkwụsị nke netwọk venous. Mgbe nke a mere na sistemụ venous azygos, ọbara venous na -adịchaghị nke ọma ma nwee ike imetụta mgbasa ọbara niile (3).

Ọgwụ. Dabere na nchọpụta ọrịa a chọpụtara, enwere ike ịde ọgwụ ụfọdụ dịka ọgwụ anticoagulants, ma ọ bụ ọbụna antiaggregants.

Ọkpụkpụ thrombolyse. Nnwale a gụnyere imebi thrombi, ma ọ bụ mkpụkọ ọbara, na -eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe. A na -eji ọgwụgwọ a n'oge infarction myocardial.

Nyocha ahụ. Nke mbụ, a na -eme nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ iji chọpụta ihe mgbaàmà onye ọrịa chọpụtara.

Nnyocha onyonyo ahụike. Iji chọpụta ma ọ bụ gosipụta nchoputa, enwere ike ime Doppler ultrasound ma ọ bụ nyocha CT.

Nkọwa nke akwara azygos. Bartolomeo Eustachi, narị afọ nke 16 onye Italiantali na dibịa bekee, kọwara ọtụtụ ihe nrụpụta anụ ahụ gụnyere akwara azygos. (4)