ọdịnaya
Mmụpụta enyere aka na ahụike (PMA) bụ nke etinyere ya iwu bioethics nke July 1994, gbanwere na Julaị 2011. E gosiri mgbe di na nwunye na-eche nsogbu ihu ” ọgwụ pụtara infertility Ma ọ bụ iji gbochie ibunye nwa ahụ ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị òtù di na nwunye ahụ ọrịa siri ike. Ọ bụ agbatịkwuru na July 2021 nye ụmụ nwanyị na-alụbeghị di na nwunye, ndị nwere ohere ịmụ nwa enyere aka n'okpuru otu ọnọdụ dị ka ndị di na nwunye na-edina ụdị onwe.
Mkpali Ovarian: nzọụkwụ mbụ
La mkpali ovarian bụ nke kachasị mfe na nke mbụ a tụrụ aro maka di na nwunye na-enwe nsogbu ọmụmụ, karịsịa n'ọnọdụ nkeenweghị d'ovulation (anovulation) ma ọ bụ obere na / ma ọ bụ adịghị mma ovulation (dysovulation). Ovarian mkpali mejupụtara na-amụba mmepụta site ovaries nke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke tozuru okè follicles, ma si otú nweta a àgwà ovulation.
Dọkịta ahụ ga-ebu ụzọ nye ọgwụgwọ ọnụ.clomiphene citrate) nke ga-akwalite mmepụta na mmepe nke oocyte. A na-ewere mbadamba nkume ndị a n'etiti ụbọchị nke abụọ na nke isii nke okirikiri. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị nsonaazụ mgbe ọtụtụ okirikiri, naogwu ogwu ogwu a na-atụ aro ya. N'oge ọgwụgwọ mkpali nke ovarian, a na-atụ aro nlekota ahụike na nyocha dịka nyocha nke ultrasound na nyocha nke hormone iji nyochaa nsonaazụ ya na ikekwe gbanwee usoro ọgwụgwọ (iji zere ihe ize ndụ ọ bụla nke hyperstimulation, ya mere mmetụta ndị na-adịghị mma. ).
Insemination artificial: usoro kacha ochie nke mmeputakwa enyere aka
THEanumanu nwa bụ ụzọ kacha ochie a na-esi amụ nwa n'ụlọ ọgwụ mana ọ bụkwa nke a kacha eji eme ihe, ọkachasị maka nsogbu nke enweghị ọmụmụ nwoke na nsogbu ovulation. Insemination artificial mejupụtara ntinye ego spam n'afọ nwanyị. Dị mfe na enweghị mgbu, ọrụ a anaghị achọ ụlọ ọgwụ ma nwee ike ịmeghachi ya n'ọtụtụ okirikiri. A na-ebutekarị insemination artificial site na mkpali nke ovulation.
IVF: Fertilization n'èzí ahụ mmadụ
La in vitro njikọta A na-atụ aro (IVF) n'ọnọdụ ọgba aghara ovulation, mgbochi tubal ma ọ bụ, n'ime ụmụ nwoke, ọ bụrụ na spam na-agagharị agagharị ezughi oke. Nke a na-agụnye iwebata oocytes (ova) na spermatozoa na kọntaktị n'èzí ahụ nwanyị, na gburugburu ebe dị mma maka nlanarị ha (n'ime ụlọ nyocha), n'uche Fertilization. Ụbọchị atọ mgbe a na-achịkọta àkwá ndị ahụ, embrayo e nwetara na-etinye n'ime akpanwa nke nne ga-abụ.
Ọnụego ịga nke ọma dị gburugburu 25%. Uru nke usoro a: ọ na-eme ka o kwe omume "ịhọrọ" mma spermatozoa na ova, ekele maka nkwadebe nke spermatozoa na ikekwe mkpali ovarian. Na nke a, iji mee ka ohere nke Fertilization dịkwuo elu. Ọgwụgwọ a na-ebute mgbe ụfọdụ ọtụtụ afọ ime, n'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ embrayo (abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ) etinyere n'ime akpanwa.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): ụdị ọzọ nke IVF
Usoro ọzọ maka in vitro Fertilization bụ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Ọ mejupụtara microinjection nke spam na cytoplasm nke a tozuru okè oocyte iji micro-pipet. Enwere ike igosi usoro a ma ọ bụrụ na ọdịda nke in vitro fatịlaịza (IVF) dara ma ọ bụ mgbe ihe nlele sitere na testis dị mkpa iji nweta ohere spam. Ọnụego ọganiru ya dị gburugburu 30%.
Nnabata nke embrayo: usoro a na-ejikarị eme ihe
Usoro a na-enyere aka ịmụ nwa gụnyere ịkụnye n'ime akpanwa embrayo sitere na nne na nna nyere onyinye. Iji rite uru na nfefe embrayo oyi kpọnwụrụ nke e nyere n'enyeghị aha ha site n'aka di na nwunye bụ ndị meworo ART n'onwe ha, di na nwunye ahụ na-enwekarị enweghị ọmụmụ abụọ ma ọ bụ ihe ize ndụ nke ibunye ọrịa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa amara. Ọzọkwa, a nwalela mgbalị ndị a na-emebu maka ịmụ nwa nke ọgwụ na-enyere aka ma daa.