Ọkpụkpụ lumbar bụ akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ.

ọnọdụ. Ọkpụkpụ lumbar na-etolite akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ, ma ọ bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ, ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ dị n'etiti isi na pelvis. Ọkpụkpụ azụ na-etolite ntọala skeletal nke ogwe ahụ, nke dị n'azụ na n'akụkụ etiti. Ọ na-amalite n'okpuru okpokoro isi wee gbasaa na mpaghara pelvic (1). Ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ nkezi nke ọkpụkpụ 33, nke a na-akpọ vertebrae (2). A na-ejikọta ọkpụkpụ ndị a ọnụ iji mepụta axis, nke nwere ọdịdị S okpukpu abụọ. Enwere 5 nke vertebrae lumbar na-akpụ akụkụ nke chere ihu n'ihu (3). Ha mejupụtara mpaghara lumbar na azụ azụ, ma dị n'etiti vertebrae thoracic na sacrum. A na-akpọ vertebrae lumbar site na L1 ruo L5.

Structure. Nke ọ bụla lumbar vertebra nwere otu usoro ntọala (1) (2):

• Ahụ, akụkụ akụkụ nke vertebra, buru ibu ma sie ike. Ọ na -ebu ibu nke ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ.
• Akụkụ vertebral, akụkụ azụ nke vertebra, gbara oghere vertebral gburugburu.
• Ngwurugwu vertebral bụ akụkụ etiti, nke nwere oghere nke vertebra. Nchịkọta nke vertebrae na foramina bụ ọwa mmiri vertebral, nke eriri akwara gafere.

Njikọ na ntinye. A na-ejikọta vertebrae lumbar na ibe ya site na ligaments. Ha nwekwara ọtụtụ akụkụ articular iji hụ na ha na-agagharị agagharị. Diski intervertebral, fibrocartilages nke nwere oghere, dị n'etiti ozu vertebrae gbara agbata obi (1) (2).

Akwara. Azụ azụ na -ekpuchi akwara azụ.

Ọrụ nkwado na nchedo. Na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ azụ, lumbar vertebrae na-enyere aka ịkwado isi ma chebe ọkpụkpụ azụ.

Ọrụ na ngagharị na ọnọdụ. N'ịbụ ndị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ azụ, ọkpụkpụ lumbar na-eme ka o kwe omume ịchekwa ọnọdụ nke ogwe ahụ ma si otú a na-eme ka ọnọdụ guzoro ọtọ. Ọdịdị nke vertebrae na-enye ohere ka ọtụtụ mmegharị ahụ dị ka mmegharị nke torsion nke ogwe ahụ, na-ehulata ogwe osisi ma ọ bụ ọbụna traction.

Dos ọrịa. A kọwapụtara ya dị ka mgbu mpaghara nke na-amalitekarị n'ọkpụkpụ azụ ma na-emetụtakarị akwara ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Ihe mgbu dị ala bụ ihe mgbu mpaghara na mpaghara lumbar. Sciatica, nke a na-eji mgbu na-amalite na azụ azụ na ịgbatị n'ime ụkwụ. Ugboro ugboro, ha bụ n'ihi mkpakọ nke akwara sciatic nke nwere ike ime mgbe ụfọdụ site na lumbar vertebrae. Ọrịa dị iche iche nwere ike ịbụ na mmalite nke mgbu a (4):

• Degenerative pathologies. A na-eji osteoarthritis mara site na iyi na akwa nke cartilage na-echebe ọkpụkpụ nke nkwonkwo. (5) diski herniated kwekọrọ na nchụpụ n'azụ nucleus nke diski intervertebral, site na iyi nke ikpeazụ. Nke a nwere ike ibute mkpakọ nke eriri afọ ma ọ bụ akwara sciatic.
• Nrụrụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ. Nrụrụ nke kọlụm nwere ike ime. Scoliosis bụ mgbanwe n'akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ azụ (6). A na-ejikọta Lordosis na njiko agbasiri ike na vertebrae lumbar. (6)
• Lumbago. Usoro ọgwụgwọ a bụ n'ihi nrụrụ ma ọ bụ anya mmiri nke ligaments ma ọ bụ mọzụlụ dị na vertebrae lumbar.

Ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ. Dabere na pathology achọpụtara, enwere ike ịnye ọgwụ ụfọdụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-egbu mgbu.

Physiotherapy. Enwere ike ịmegharị azụ azụ site na physiotherapy ma ọ bụ oge osteopathy.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dabere na pathology achọpụtara, enwere ike ịwa ahụ na mpaghara lumbar.

Nnyocha ahụ. Nleba anya nke dọkịta banyere ọnọdụ azụ bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ n'ịchọpụta ihe na-adịghị mma.

Nyocha redio. Dabere na ihe a na-enyo enyo ma ọ bụ nke a nwapụtara, enwere ike ịme nyocha ndị ọzọ dị ka X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI ma ọ bụ scintigraphy.

Ọrụ nyocha. O doro anya na ndị nchọpụta sitere na ngalaba Inserm enweela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ adipose ka ọ bụrụ mkpụrụ ndụ nwere ike dochie diski intervertebral. Ọrụ a na-achọ ime ka diski intervertebral ndị ahụ eyigharịrị, na-akpata ụfọdụ mgbu azụ. (7)